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[Karyotypic analysis and prognosis for 41 patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia]
Ying Lu1, Meng-xia Yu, Qi-tian Mu
1Department of Hematology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, P. R. China.
Insights
Cytogenetic analysis in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) reveals that abnormal karyotypes, particularly +8, are common. Abnormalities indicate poor prognosis in CMML-Ⅰ, while CMML-Ⅱ patients have a uniformly poor outlook.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Cytogenetics
Context:
- Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a heterogeneous myeloid neoplasm.
- Understanding cytogenetic abnormalities is crucial for prognostication in CMML.
Purpose:
- To investigate the cytogenetic landscape of CMML patients.
- To determine the prognostic significance of cytogenetic features in CMML.
Summary:
- This study analyzed 41 CMML patients, identifying +8 as the most frequent karyotype abnormality in 34% of cases.
- Abnormal karyotypes were associated with poorer survival in CMML-Ⅰ (median 3 vs. 17 months, P=0.015).
- CMML-Ⅱ patients demonstrated a universally poor prognosis, irrespective of karyotype status.
Impact:
- Cytogenetic analysis, especially for +8, is a valuable prognostic marker in CMML-Ⅰ.
- The findings highlight the aggressive nature of CMML-Ⅱ, underscoring the need for intensified treatment strategies.
Objective:
To analyze cytogenetic features of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) patients and explore the relationship between cytogenetic characteristics and prognosis.
Methods:
Clinical and laboratory data of 41 CMML patients were analyzed.
Results:
The majority of CMML patients were middle-aged males. According to WHO classification, 17 (41.5%) patients were diagnosed as CMML-Ⅰ and 24 (58.5%) were diagnosed as CMML-Ⅱ. 14 (34%) of CMML patients harbored abnormal karyotypes and +8 was the most common. CMML-Ⅰpatients with abnormal karyotypes were older than those with normal karyotypes. CMML-Ⅱ patients with normal karyotypes had higher lymphocyte counts than those with abnormal karyotypes. Of 29 patients who had follow-up data, 26 died, with the median survival time being 4 (1-13) months. The median survival of patients with normal and abnormal karyotypes were 4.5 and 3.8 months, respectively (P=0.408). The median survival of CMML-Ⅰ patients with abnormal karyotypes was shorter than those with normal karyotypes (3 and 17 months, P=0.015), but no significant difference was found between the median survival of the two groups of CMML-Ⅱ patients (2.9 and 5.8 months, P=0.629).
Conclusion:
+8 has been the most common abnormal karyotype in CMML patients. The abnormal karyotype can be regarded as an indicator of poor prognosis for CMML-Ⅰ patients. Regardless of their karyotypes, CMML-Ⅱ patients have even poorer prognosis.
