Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 12, 2026

Mechanism of Regulation of Adipocyte Numbers in Adult Organisms Through Differentiation and Apoptosis Homeostasis
Published on: June 3, 2016
Decreased jaw bone density and osteoblastic insulin signaling in a model of obesity
S N Pramojanee1, M Phimphilai, S Kumphune
1Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Science, Faculty of Dentistry.
Abstract:
Previous studies have demonstrated that decreased bone mass results from either the impairment of osteoblastic insulin signaling or obesity. Our previous study revealed that 12-week high-fat-diet (HFD) consumption caused obesity as well as peripheral and brain insulin resistance. However, the osteoblastic insulin resistance induced by HFD has not been elucidated. Therefore, we hypothesized that 12-week HFD rats exhibited not only peripheral insulin resistance but also osteoblastic insulin resistance, which leads to decreased jawbone quality. We found that the jawbones of rats fed a 12-week HFD exhibited increased osteoporosis. The osteoblastic cells isolated from HFD-fed rats exhibited the impairment of osteoblastic insulin signaling as well as reduction of cell proliferation and survival. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that insulin resistance induced by 12-week HFD impaired osteoblastic insulin signaling, osteoblast proliferation, and osteoblast survival and resulted in osteoporosis in the jawbone.
Related Concept Videos
Obesity
Bone Disorders
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology
Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways
Hormones and Bone Tissue
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling