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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
Cholecystitis01:20

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...
Other Disorders of Digestive System01:30

Other Disorders of Digestive System

The gastrointestinal tract is susceptible to various disorders. If the lower esophageal sphincter is damaged, stomach acid can flow back into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation of the lining. This condition is called gastroesophageal reflux disease (known as heartburn) and may cause chest pain and difficulty swallowing. In the stomach, prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin, chronic alcohol consumption, bacterial infections such as Helicobacter...
Pneumonia I: Introduction01:30

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
Gastritis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Gastritis II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of gastritis begins with the colonization of the stomach lining by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). This bacterium spreads mainly via the oral-oral route through saliva or shared utensils, and can also be transmitted in overcrowded or unhygienic environments through contaminated water, despite its brief survival outside the body.ColonizationOnce ingested, H. pylori enters the stomach and begins colonization by navigating through the mucus layer lining the stomach wall. It...
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

An Ex vivo Assay to Study Candida albicans Hyphal Morphogenesis in the Gastrointestinal Tract
07:42

An Ex vivo Assay to Study Candida albicans Hyphal Morphogenesis in the Gastrointestinal Tract

Published on: July 1, 2020

Mediastinitis: Could your case be a candidate for candida?

Bernadette Johnson1, Joshua Davis, Maria Sisneros

  • 1University of New Mexico, Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, U.S.A.

The American Journal of Case Reports
|April 10, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Candida mediastinitis, a rare but deadly infection, presents treatment challenges. This case series highlights successful long-term fluconazole treatment for Candida albicans mediastinitis post-cardiac surgery.

Keywords:
Candidamediastinitistreatment

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An Ex vivo Assay to Study Candida albicans Hyphal Morphogenesis in the Gastrointestinal Tract
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A Catheter-Related Candida albicans Infection Model in Mouse
03:24

A Catheter-Related Candida albicans Infection Model in Mouse

Published on: March 22, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology
  • Surgical Infections

Background:

  • Candida mediastinitis is a rare but severe complication following cardiac surgery.
  • High mortality rates (up to 50%) are associated with this condition.
  • Limited clinical trials and case reports exist for Candida mediastinitis treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report two cases of Candida mediastinitis after coronary artery bypass grafting.
  • To discuss potential risk factors and treatment outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Presentation of two cases of mediastinitis caused by Candida albicans post-coronary artery bypass grafting.
  • Identification of immunosuppression and prolonged surgery as potential risk factors.
  • Treatment with long-term oral fluconazole after susceptibility testing.

Main Results:

  • Patients required multiple hospitalizations and surgical debridements.
  • Despite initial concerns, Candida isolates remained fluconazole-susceptible.
  • Successful treatment was achieved with long-term oral fluconazole.

Conclusions:

  • Candida mediastinitis is challenging to manage effectively.
  • Aggressive surgical intervention (debridements) may be necessary even with appropriate antifungal therapy.