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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

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Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

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Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
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Preparation of Agar Bead Embedded Mycobacterium abscessus to Inoculate Immunocompetent Mice Intratracheally
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Epidural abscess caused by Mycobacterium abscessus.

Charles Edwards1, Matthew Diveronica, Erika Abel

  • 1Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida College of Medicine, FL, U.S.A.

The American Journal of Case Reports
|April 10, 2013
PubMed
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This case report details a rare epidural abscess caused by Mycobacterium abscessus, a rapidly growing mycobacterium (RGM). Increased awareness of RGM infections is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Mycobacterium abscessus is a rapidly growing mycobacterium (RGM).
  • There has been a documented increase in RGM infections over the past decade.
  • Spinal infections caused by RGMs are infrequent, with no prior reports of M. abscessus as the sole cause of an epidural abscess.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a unique case of an epidural abscess caused by Mycobacterium abscessus.
  • To highlight the increasing incidence of M. abscessus infections.
  • To inform physicians about the potential for M. abscessus in central nervous system infections.

Main Methods:

  • A 50-year-old female patient presented with severe back pain.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed an epidural abscess.
  • Needle drainage of the abscess was performed, and cultures were initially negative for common bacterial pathogens.

Main Results:

  • Subsequent cultures eventually identified Mycobacterium abscessus as the causative agent.
  • The patient received empiric antibiotic treatment and was lost to follow-up after discharge.
  • This represents the first reported case of an epidural abscess definitively caused by M. abscessus.

Conclusions:

  • Mycobacterium abscessus is an emerging pathogen requiring increased physician awareness.
  • Central nervous system infections by M. abscessus, though rare, can occur.
  • Treatment is challenging, often requiring multi-drug regimens and potentially surgical debridement.