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Related Concept Videos

Glucose Absorption Into the Small Intestine01:26

Glucose Absorption Into the Small Intestine

Complex carbohydrates consumed cannot be absorbed into the small intestine in their original form. First, they must be hydrolyzed to a monosaccharide form such as glucose or galactose. These monosaccharides are then transported across the intestinal membrane and into the blood via transcellular transport. The intestinal epithelial cells allow the movement of these monosaccharides with a defined 'entry' through membrane transporter proteins present on their apical membrane and 'exit' via the...
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors01:19

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
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Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists01:24

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
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Methods for Studying Drug Absorption: In vitro01:16

Methods for Studying Drug Absorption: In vitro

In vitro experiments are crucial for understanding the transport and absorption of drugs through biological materials. These studies employ varied methods such as the diffusion cell method, the everted sac technique, and the everted ring technique.
The diffusion cell method uses a two-compartment cell, including a donor compartment with the drug solution, which simulates the environment where the drug is applied, and a receptor compartment with a buffer solution, which simulates the environment...
Methods for Studying Drug Absorption: In situ01:09

Methods for Studying Drug Absorption: In situ

In situ experiments, such as the Doluisio method and Single-Pass Perfusion technique, provide critical insights into drug uptake by simulating in vivo conditions for drug absorption.
The Doluisio method involves perfusing a prepared segment of a rat's small intestine with a solution of radiolabeled drug and a non-absorbable marker. This helps to differentiate between absorbed and non-absorbed drug concentrations. The intestinal segment is connected at both ends using tubing and syringes,...
Transcellular Transport of Solutes01:23

Transcellular Transport of Solutes

Transcellular transport of solutes is the movement of substances like monosaccharides and amino acids through polarized cells. This transport mechanism is primarily seen in epithelial and endothelial cells aided by membrane transport proteins such as channels and transporters. The tight junctions between these cells confine the membrane proteins to the two sides of the cell. The epithelial cells have distinct apical and basolateral domains. In contrast, the endothelial cells show the luminal...

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Two-dimensional Porcine Intestinal Organoids Reflecting the Physiological Properties of Native Gut
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trans-Resveratrol and ε-viniferin decrease glucose absorption in porcine jejunum and ileum in vitro.

Maria Guschlbauer1, Stefanie Klinger, Marion Burmester

  • 1Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30173 Hannover, Germany.

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
|April 11, 2013
PubMed
Summary

trans-Resveratrol and ε-viniferin, common dietary supplements, were found to inhibit intestinal glucose absorption in pigs. This suggests a potential impact on glucose transport mechanisms, specifically the sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 (SGLT1).

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • trans-Resveratrol and ε-viniferin are dietary supplements with purported health benefits.
  • Previous research indicated their inhibitory effect on sodium-dependent glucose transport (SGLT1) in animal models.
  • The impact of these compounds on porcine intestinal glucose uptake remained unevaluated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the in vitro effects of trans-Resveratrol and ε-viniferin on intestinal glucose absorption in pigs.
  • To determine if these compounds inhibit sodium-dependent glucose uptake in the porcine small intestine.
  • To evaluate the impact on electrogenic small intestinal glucose absorption and brush border membrane vesicle (BBMV) glucose uptake.

Main Methods:

  • Porcine intestinal mucosa was mounted in Ussing chambers and incubated with trans-Resveratrol, ε-viniferin, or ethanol.
  • Electrogenic glucose absorption was measured by short-circuit current.
  • Sodium-dependent (3)H-glucose uptake was assessed in brush border membrane vesicles (BBMVs).

Main Results:

  • SGLT1-mediated glucose absorption was significantly higher in the ileum compared to the jejunum.
  • Preincubation with trans-Resveratrol and ε-viniferin significantly reduced glucose-induced short-circuit currents.
  • BBMV studies confirmed a significant decrease in glucose uptake after exposure to these compounds.

Conclusions:

  • trans-Resveratrol and ε-viniferin directly inhibit the SGLT1 transport system in the porcine small intestine.
  • These findings suggest that these dietary supplements can adversely affect intestinal glucose absorption.
  • The study highlights a potential mechanism by which these compounds influence glucose homeostasis.