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Perception

Perception

Perception is a fundamental psychological process that enables individuals to organize, interpret, and consciously experience sensory information. This process is crucial for understanding and interacting with the world around us. It includes both bottom-up and top-down processing, each playing a distinct role in how we perceive our environment.
Bottom-up processing begins at the sensory level, where receptors detect external environmental stimuli. These could include the tactile sensation of...

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Action, perception and postural planning when reaching for tools.

Alan Sunderland¹

¹School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK. alan.sunderland@nottingham.ac.uk

Experimental Brain Research

|April 11, 2013

Summary

The dorsal and ventral streams model was tested by having subjects reach for tools and objects during rotation. Results show that tool rotation during reaching causes more errors, supporting the two-stream model of perception and action.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Psychology
Motor Control

Background:

The dorsal and ventral streams model posits integrated action and perception for tool use.
Limited research has explored the integration limits of these streams in healthy individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the limits of dorsal and ventral stream integration during reaching and grasping tasks.
To compare the effects of object rotation on reaching for tools versus geometric objects.

Main Methods:

Twenty healthy subjects performed reaching tasks involving tools and geometric objects.
Stimuli were rapidly rotated during or immediately before the reaching action.
Hand orientation errors and reaction times were recorded.

Main Results:

Reaching for inverted tools was slower than for objects requiring hand inversion due to barriers.
Tool rotation during reaching increased incorrect hand rotations more than object rotation.
Hand inversion errors were more frequent for tools than objects, even when planning complexity was controlled.

Conclusions:

Findings support the two-stream model, indicating a rapid visual tracking process that must be overridden by slower, knowledge-based grasping.
The study highlights distinct processing for tools versus objects in action and perception.
The model's predictive power is demonstrated in complex motor tasks involving object manipulation.