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Related Concept Videos

X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers
08:48

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Integrated Bragg gratings in spiral waveguides.

Alexandre D Simard1, Yves Painchaud, Sophie LaRochelle

  • 1Centre d'optique, photonique et laser, ECE Department, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.

Optics Express
|April 11, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed compact Bragg gratings in spiral silicon waveguides. This innovation enables longer gratings in smaller areas, enhancing filter performance for integrated photonic circuits.

Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Materials Science
  • Electrical Engineering

Background:

  • Fiber Bragg gratings offer flexible spectral filtering but lack tuning efficiency.
  • Silicon waveguide Bragg gratings promise faster tuning but require long interaction lengths, hindering integration.
  • Current CMOS photonic circuits face limitations with long grating structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate a compact Bragg grating design for silicon waveguides.
  • To overcome the length limitation of Bragg gratings in integrated photonic circuits.
  • To maintain grating flexibility and spectral performance in a reduced footprint.

Main Methods:

  • Implementing Bragg gratings within spiral-shaped silicon waveguides.
  • Designing and fabricating 2-mm long gratings within a 200 µm x 190 µm area.

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  • Interleaving multiple spiral waveguides to increase device density.
  • Investigating compatibility with phase-apodization techniques.

    • Main Results:

    • Successfully wrapped 2-mm gratings in a compact spiral form without spectral degradation.
    • Achieved tripled device density by interleaving three spiral waveguides.
    • Demonstrated effective phase compensation in the spiral grating structures.
    • Confirmed compatibility with phase-apodization for tailored spectral responses.

    Conclusions:

    • Spiral waveguides offer a viable solution for compact, high-performance Bragg gratings in silicon photonics.
    • This approach enhances integration capabilities for advanced photonic circuits.
    • The method preserves the spectral flexibility of traditional gratings while improving spatial efficiency.