Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders01:27

Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within the...
Biological Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Biological Causes of Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin studies.
Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions01:30

Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions

Schizophrenia is a complex mental health disorder that can manifest with various positive symptoms, including thought, movement, and behavior disorders. These symptoms significantly disrupt cognitive and motor functions, leading to profound effects on an individual's ability to engage with the world.
Thought Disorders
Disorganized and unusual thought processes mark thought disorders in schizophrenia. One key feature is disorganized speech, where an individual's conversation includes loosely...
Neural Regulation01:37

Neural Regulation

Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

PET imaging of dopamine-D2 receptor internalization in schizophrenia.

Molecular psychiatry·2017
Same author

Cannabis-associated psychosis: Neural substrate and clinical impact.

Neuropharmacology·2017
Same author

PET imaging of dopamine-D2 receptor internalization in schizophrenia.

Molecular psychiatry·2017
Same author

Studying schizophrenia in the post-genomic era: perspectives from the 2016 summer Banbury Workshop at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.

Molecular psychiatry·2016
Same author

Shall we really say goodbye to first rank symptoms?

European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists·2016
Same author

Deficits in striatal dopamine release in cannabis dependence.

Molecular psychiatry·2016

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Standardized Data Acquisition for Neuromelanin-Sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Substantia Nigra
05:14

Standardized Data Acquisition for Neuromelanin-Sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Substantia Nigra

Published on: September 8, 2021

Recent evidence for dopamine abnormalities in schizophrenia.

A Abi-Dargham1

  • 1New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Dr, New York, NY 10032, USA. aa324@columbia.edu

European Psychiatry : the Journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists
|April 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Schizophrenia patients show higher dopamine levels and D1 receptor density, particularly in the prefrontal cortex. Higher dopamine correlated with better symptom response to antipsychotics, while increased D1 receptors impaired working memory.

More Related Videos

Identification of Dopamine D1-Alpha Receptor Within Rodent Nucleus Accumbens by an Innovative RNA In Situ Detection Technology
07:25

Identification of Dopamine D1-Alpha Receptor Within Rodent Nucleus Accumbens by an Innovative RNA In Situ Detection Technology

Published on: March 27, 2018

Assessment of Dopaminergic Homeostasis in Mice by Use of High-performance Liquid Chromatography Analysis and Synaptosomal Dopamine Uptake
11:26

Assessment of Dopaminergic Homeostasis in Mice by Use of High-performance Liquid Chromatography Analysis and Synaptosomal Dopamine Uptake

Published on: September 21, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Standardized Data Acquisition for Neuromelanin-Sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Substantia Nigra
05:14

Standardized Data Acquisition for Neuromelanin-Sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Substantia Nigra

Published on: September 8, 2021

Identification of Dopamine D1-Alpha Receptor Within Rodent Nucleus Accumbens by an Innovative RNA In Situ Detection Technology
07:25

Identification of Dopamine D1-Alpha Receptor Within Rodent Nucleus Accumbens by an Innovative RNA In Situ Detection Technology

Published on: March 27, 2018

Assessment of Dopaminergic Homeostasis in Mice by Use of High-performance Liquid Chromatography Analysis and Synaptosomal Dopamine Uptake
11:26

Assessment of Dopaminergic Homeostasis in Mice by Use of High-performance Liquid Chromatography Analysis and Synaptosomal Dopamine Uptake

Published on: September 21, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Neuroreceptor imaging, including PET and SPECT, has been instrumental in investigating dopamine dysfunction in schizophrenia.
  • Previous research suggests abnormal dopamine release in the striatum and potential cortical dopaminergic alterations, possibly linked to D1 receptor upregulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate subcortical dopamine levels and D1 receptor density in patients with schizophrenia compared to controls.
  • To explore the relationship between dopamine levels, D1 receptor density, positive symptoms, and working memory performance in schizophrenia.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for neuroreceptor imaging.
  • Measured intrasynaptic dopamine levels and D2 receptor occupancy at baseline in patients and controls.
  • Assessed D1 receptor density in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and evaluated working memory performance.

Main Results:

  • Schizophrenia patients exhibited higher subcortical intrasynaptic dopamine levels and greater D2 receptor occupancy than controls.
  • A significant increase in D1 receptors was observed in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of patients.
  • Higher D1 receptor density in patients correlated with poorer working memory performance, unlike in controls.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated subcortical dopamine and increased D1 receptors in the prefrontal cortex are characteristic of schizophrenia.
  • D1 receptor upregulation and impaired working memory may stem from a neurodevelopmental deficit in dopamine innervation.
  • D1 receptor binding potential could serve as a biomarker for identifying schizophrenia patients likely to benefit from D1 agonist treatment.