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In situ hybridization for rRNA sequences in anatomic pathology specimens, applications for fungal pathogen detection:

Kathleen T Montone1, Jeannette Guarner

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. kmontone@upenn.edu

Advances in Anatomic Pathology
|April 12, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Pathologists must identify fungal infections accurately. This review highlights in situ hybridization as a key technique for fungal speciation, overcoming limitations of traditional histopathology in diagnosing infections in immunocompromised patients.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Diagnostic Pathology
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Fungal infections are increasingly common, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.
  • Emerging antifungal drugs necessitate precise fungal identification due to intrinsic drug resistance.
  • Histopathology alone has limitations in accurately speciating fungal pathogens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the utility of in situ hybridization for fungal disease diagnosis.
  • To discuss various fungal identification techniques and their limitations.
  • To emphasize the importance of accurate fungal speciation for effective treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on fungal identification techniques.
  • Focus on in situ hybridization (ISH) as a diagnostic adjunct.
  • Analysis of limitations associated with histopathology and other methods.

Main Results:

  • In situ hybridization offers improved accuracy for fungal speciation compared to histopathology.
  • Different fungal species exhibit varying intrinsic resistance to antifungal medications.
  • Accurate genus and species identification is crucial for selecting appropriate antifungal therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Pathologists must recognize the limitations of histopathologic diagnosis for fungal infections.
  • In situ hybridization is a valuable tool for precise fungal identification.
  • Advanced techniques are essential for guiding treatment decisions in invasive fungal diseases.

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