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Related Concept Videos

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
Genome Annotation and Assembly03:36

Genome Annotation and Assembly

The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.
Modern Molecular Taxonomy01:29

Modern Molecular Taxonomy

Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features.
Genomics02:02

Genomics

Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
Evolution of Microbial Genome01:08

Evolution of Microbial Genome

Microbial genome evolution is a highly dynamic process shaped by continual gene gain and loss across species and strains. This genomic flexibility allows microorganisms to adapt rapidly to environmental pressures and interactions with other organisms. Central to understanding this diversity is the distinction between the core and pan genomes.The core genome comprises the genes shared by all sampled strains of a species, representing essential functions needed for fundamental cellular processes.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Next-generation Sequencing of 16S Ribosomal RNA Gene Amplicons
10:24

Next-generation Sequencing of 16S Ribosomal RNA Gene Amplicons

Published on: August 29, 2014

Beginner's guide to comparative bacterial genome analysis using next-generation sequence data.

David J Edwards1, Kathryn E Holt

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia. kholt@unimelb.edu.au.

Microbial Informatics and Experimentation
|April 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This guide introduces bioinformatics analysis of bacterial genomes for researchers. It covers essential steps like assembly and annotation using free tools for public health and clinical labs.

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Hybrid De Novo Genome Assembly for the Generation of Complete Genomes of Urinary Bacteria using Short- and Long-read Sequencing Technologies
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Hybrid De Novo Genome Assembly for the Generation of Complete Genomes of Urinary Bacteria using Short- and Long-read Sequencing Technologies

Published on: August 20, 2021

Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations
08:03

Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations

Published on: December 7, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Next-generation Sequencing of 16S Ribosomal RNA Gene Amplicons
10:24

Next-generation Sequencing of 16S Ribosomal RNA Gene Amplicons

Published on: August 29, 2014

Hybrid De Novo Genome Assembly for the Generation of Complete Genomes of Urinary Bacteria using Short- and Long-read Sequencing Technologies
12:08

Hybrid De Novo Genome Assembly for the Generation of Complete Genomes of Urinary Bacteria using Short- and Long-read Sequencing Technologies

Published on: August 20, 2021

Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations
08:03

Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations

Published on: December 7, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bioinformatics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • High-throughput sequencing is now affordable and accessible for bacterial investigations.
  • Thousands of bacterial genome sequences are publicly available for comparative analysis.
  • Bacterial genome analysis is crucial for research, clinical, and public health applications, including outbreak analysis, pathogenicity, and antimicrobial resistance studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a beginner's guide for individuals with a biology background to perform their own bacterial genome bioinformatics analysis.
  • To empower researchers to answer their own questions in bacterial genetics and evolution.
  • To offer a practical entry point without requiring prior computer programming skills.

Main Methods:

  • Covers fundamental bioinformatics techniques: genome assembly, ordering of contigs, and annotation.
  • Includes genome comparison and extraction of common typing information.
  • Utilizes publicly available *E. coli* data and free software tools for practical examples.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrates how to perform essential bacterial genome analysis steps.
  • Provides worked examples that can be replicated on a standard desktop computer.
  • Enables users to generate insights into bacterial genetics and evolution.

Conclusions:

  • This guide equips biologists with the necessary bioinformatics skills for bacterial genome analysis.
  • Accessible tools and data allow for independent research in diverse laboratory settings.
  • Facilitates advancements in understanding bacterial pathogens and evolution.