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Ankle Joint

Ankle Joint

The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

A Mouse Model of Ankle-Subtalar Complex Joint Instability

A Mouse Model of Ankle-Subtalar Complex Joint Instability

Published on: October 28, 2022

CAM-type impingement in the ankle.

Ned Amendola¹, Newhoff Drew, Tanawat Vaseenon

¹University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. Ned-amendola@uiowa.edu

The Iowa Orthopaedic Journal

|April 12, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Ankle impingement can stem from a cam deformity, a non-circular talar dome shape. This morphological abnormality, often linked to cavovarus foot type, may contribute to ankle osteoarthritis (OA).

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Area of Science:

Orthopedic Surgery
Radiology
Sports Medicine

Background:

Anterior ankle impingement, with or without osteoarthritis (OA), is a prevalent clinical issue.
Bony impingement between the distal tibia and talus, exacerbated by dorsiflexion, is a recognized cause.
The precise etiology of these impingement lesions remains a subject of ongoing debate and investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe a specific type of ankle impingement characterized by a cam deformity of the talar dome.
To investigate the relationship between this cam-type impingement and ankle joint mechanics.
To explore potential correlations with foot morphology and the development of ankle OA.

Main Methods:

Evaluation of 269 adult patients diagnosed with anterior bony impingement syndrome.
Inclusion of 41 healthy individuals as a control group.
Standardized standing lateral ankle radiographs were analyzed to assess talar dome contour and identify cam deformities.

Main Results:

A cam deformity, defined by anterior extension of the talar dome, was identified in 34% of patients.
Severe cam deformities were observed in 13% of patients, frequently associated with a cavo-varus foot type.
Control group exhibited significantly lower rates of anterior-medial cam-type talar deformity.

Conclusions:

Cam-type ankle impingement is likely a distinct entity caused by a morphological abnormality of the talus.
This condition may be associated with a cavovarus foot type.
Long-term implications for the development of ankle osteoarthritis (OA) warrant further consideration.