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Published on: September 9, 2012
[Molecular mechanisms of antithrombin deficiency caused by novel double heterozygous mutations]
Hao-yu Deng1, Jia-quan Chen, Hui Xie
1Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China.
Objective:
To explore the molecular mechanisms of antithrombin (AT) deficiency caused by novel double heterozygous mutations.
Methods:
Wild-type and mutant AT cDNA expression plasmids (ATwt, AT-c.134G > A, AT-c.342T > G, AT-c.134G > A and AT-c.342T > G) were transfected into HEK293T cells. Western blot was used to detect the AT:Ag in cell lysates. Homology was used to reestablish 3-D spatial structure of AT. Laser confocal assay was utilized to analyze the distribution of AT in endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
Results:
Compared to the wild-types, the AT expression of HEK293T cells sharply increased when they were transfected by AT-c.342T > G or AT-c.134G > A and c.342T > G. Homology modeling showed that the mutation (AT-c.342T > G) caused a decreased distance between Arg and surrounding bases as Arg's side chain was significantly longer than Ser's. The mutation of 13th base pair decreases the distance between AT and heparin. Laser confocal assay showed that the AT protein concreted in HEK293T cells when they were transfected by mutant plasmids (AT-c.134G > A and c.342T > G) and aggregated in ER.
Conclusions:
The main molecular mechanism of AT deficiency in this pedigree is the disturbed AT secretion as a result of the mutation of AT-c.342T > G.
Insights
Novel mutations in antithrombin (AT) disrupt its secretion, leading to AT deficiency. The AT-c.342T > G mutation causes protein aggregation in the ER, explaining deficiency in a specific pedigree.
Area of Science:
- Molecular biology and genetics
- Protein biochemistry
- Medical genetics
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