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Related Concept Videos

Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer01:35

Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer

Biological membranes show uneven distribution of different types of lipids in the inner and outer layers, resulting in transverse asymmetric membranes. The treatment of the erythrocyte membrane with the enzyme phospholipase confirmed the asymmetric nature of the lipid bilayer. The enzyme hydrolyzes lipids into fatty acids and hydrophilic groups. The phospholipase acts only on the outer layer of the membrane, while the inner layer remains intact. The phospholipase treatment resulted in 80%...
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Membrane Asymmetry Regulating Transporters

Enzymes like flippase, floppase, and scramblase transfer phospholipids from one layer to another in the membrane, thereby affecting membrane asymmetry.
Flippase
Eukaryotic flippases are type-IV P-type ATPases or P4-ATPases belonging to P-type ATPase family proteins that are membrane-bound pumps involved in the ATP-mediated transport of ions and molecules across the membrane. Flippases flip specific phospholipids from the outer to the inner leaflet of a membrane. All P4-ATPases have one...
SNAREs and Membrane Fusion01:43

SNAREs and Membrane Fusion

Once a transport vesicle has recognized its target organelle, the vesicular membrane needs to fuse with the target membrane to unload the cargo. Transmembrane proteins called SNAREs present on organelle membranes and their vesicles, mediate vesicle fusion.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Live Imaging Assay for Assessing the Roles of Ca2+ and Sphingomyelinase in the Repair of Pore-forming Toxin Wounds
18:25

Live Imaging Assay for Assessing the Roles of Ca2+ and Sphingomyelinase in the Repair of Pore-forming Toxin Wounds

Published on: August 25, 2013

Acid sphingomyelinase.

Brian Henry1, Regan Ziobro, Katrin Anne Becker

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany.

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
|April 13, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) is crucial for cell signaling and function. This review covers ASM's structure, regulation, and roles in cellular responses like stress, death, proliferation, and differentiation.

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Quantitative and Qualitative Method for Sphingomyelin by LC-MS Using Two Stable Isotopically Labeled Sphingomyelin Species
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Published on: May 7, 2018

Defining Substrate Specificities for Lipase and Phospholipase Candidates
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Defining Substrate Specificities for Lipase and Phospholipase Candidates

Published on: November 23, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Live Imaging Assay for Assessing the Roles of Ca2+ and Sphingomyelinase in the Repair of Pore-forming Toxin Wounds
18:25

Live Imaging Assay for Assessing the Roles of Ca2+ and Sphingomyelinase in the Repair of Pore-forming Toxin Wounds

Published on: August 25, 2013

Quantitative and Qualitative Method for Sphingomyelin by LC-MS Using Two Stable Isotopically Labeled Sphingomyelin Species
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Quantitative and Qualitative Method for Sphingomyelin by LC-MS Using Two Stable Isotopically Labeled Sphingomyelin Species

Published on: May 7, 2018

Defining Substrate Specificities for Lipase and Phospholipase Candidates
08:59

Defining Substrate Specificities for Lipase and Phospholipase Candidates

Published on: November 23, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Enzymology

Background:

  • Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) hydrolyzes sphingomyelin into ceramide.
  • Its dysfunction is linked to Niemann-Pick disease, characterized by sphingomyelin accumulation.
  • Recent research highlights ASM's significant role in cellular signaling pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of acid sphingomyelinase.
  • To discuss its structure, regulation, and diverse cellular functions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on acid sphingomyelinase.
  • Synthesis of information regarding ASM's molecular structure and regulatory mechanisms.
  • Analysis of ASM's functional roles in cellular processes.

Main Results:

  • ASM is central to molecular re-organization within cells upon stimulation.
  • It plays key roles in cellular responses to stress, including cell death.
  • ASM also influences cell proliferation and differentiation.

Conclusions:

  • Acid sphingomyelinase is a multifunctional enzyme with critical roles beyond its known involvement in Niemann-Pick disease.
  • Understanding ASM's structure and regulation is key to elucidating its complex functions in cell signaling and homeostasis.