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Anal cancer - a review.
Sajad Ahmad Salati1, Azzam Al Kadi
1Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
International Journal of Health Sciences
|April 13, 2013
Summary
Anal cancer incidence is rising, especially in HIV-positive males. Advances in understanding pathophysiology and risk factors now support organ preservation through chemoradiotherapy as a standard treatment for anal cancer.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Oncology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Anal cancer represents a small fraction of gastrointestinal malignancies.
- A notable increase in anal cancer incidence is observed, particularly in HIV-positive males.
- Significant advancements in understanding anal cancer pathophysiology and treatment have occurred over the past three decades.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current literature on anal cancer.
- To discuss clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment options for anal cancer.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current scientific articles.
- Synthesis of information on anal cancer epidemiology, risk factors, and treatment modalities.
Main Results:
- Risk factors for anal cancer have been identified.
- Chemoradiotherapy has emerged as a standard treatment, enabling organ preservation.
- Current understanding supports a shift towards less invasive treatment strategies.
Conclusions:
- The review highlights evolving clinical practices for anal cancer management.
- Organ preservation through chemoradiotherapy is a key advancement.
- Further research may refine treatment protocols for diverse patient populations.
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