Surgical intervention for drug-resistant ventricular tachycardia

Endocardial resection was required in 26 patients with sustained drug-resistant ventricular tachycardia. The early mortality rate (within 30 days after operation) was 12%. Two deaths were the result of low cardiac output, and the third death was related to recurrent ventricular septal defect after septal endocardial resection. The survivors of endocardial resection were followed up from 6 to 92 months (mean 43). There were no recurrences of ventricular arrhythmias, and patients did not require antiarrhythmic drug therapy. The late mortality rate after endocardial resection was 19%. There were two late cardiac-related deaths (unrelated to arrhythmias) and three late deaths from noncardiac causes. Complete endocardial resection successfully ablates drug-resistant ventricular tachycardia, but is associated with an increased perioperative mortality rate in those patients who have severely depressed left ventricular function without a well defined left ventricular aneurysm.