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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

Delaying interference training has equivalent effects in various Pavlovian interference paradigms.

Elizabeth J Powell1, Martha Escobar, Whitney Kimble

  • 1Department of Psychology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5214, USA.

Learning & Memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)
|April 17, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Spontaneous recovery in extinction is reduced when interference occurs later. Delaying interference increases context similarity, hindering the return of the original learned response.

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral neuroscience
  • Learning and memory
  • Conditioning and extinction

Background:

  • Spontaneous recovery in extinction is inversely related to the acquisition-extinction interval.
  • The underlying mechanisms for this relationship are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of delaying interference treatment on spontaneous recovery in rats.
  • To explore the role of contextual similarity in modulating spontaneous recovery.

Main Methods:

  • Rats were trained using three interference paradigms: extinction, latent inhibition, and counterconditioning.
  • Interference was administered either immediately or with a delay after initial acquisition.
  • Spontaneous recovery of the original response was measured after the delay.

Main Results:

  • Delayed interference significantly reduced spontaneous recovery compared to immediate interference across all paradigms.
  • This effect was observed regardless of whether interference attenuated fear, acquired fear, or acquired a new response.

Conclusions:

  • Delaying interference treatment enhances contextual similarity between interference and test phases.
  • Increased contextual similarity facilitates retrieval of interfering associations, thereby attenuating spontaneous recovery of the original response.