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In Vivo Morphometric Analysis of Human Cranial Nerves Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Menière's Disease Ears and Normal Hearing Ears
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Markers of cochlear inflammation using MRI.

Johann Le Floc'h1, Winston Tan, Ravindra S Telang

  • 1Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, New Zealand.

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI
|April 17, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) quantified cochlear inflammation and vascular changes in guinea pigs. This study provides a novel method for assessing inner ear disease and diagnosis.

Keywords:
MRIblood-labyrinth barriercochlear inflammationlipopolysaccharideultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxidevascular permeability

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical imaging
  • Inner ear research
  • Inflammation studies

Background:

  • Cochlear inflammation is challenging to assess non-invasively.
  • Understanding vascular permeability and macrophage infiltration is crucial for diagnosing inner ear diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify spatial and temporal changes in vascular permeability and macrophage infiltration in the guinea pig cochlea using MRI.
  • To establish MRI as a tool for evaluating cochlear inflammation.

Main Methods:

  • Induced cochlear inflammation in guinea pigs using lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
  • Utilized dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) with gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) to measure vascular permeability (Ktrans).
  • Employed ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (USPIOs) to detect macrophage infiltration and correlated with histology.

Main Results:

  • LPS-treated cochlea showed significantly increased vascular permeability (Ktrans) peaking at day 4.
  • GBCA extravasation returned to control levels by day 10.
  • USPIO uptake indicated inflammatory cell infiltration by day 2, persisting until day 7.

Conclusions:

  • This study presents the first MRI-based measurement of cochlear vascular permeability.
  • MRI offers a quantitative method for evaluating the development of cochlear inflammation.
  • MRI shows potential for clinical diagnosis of inner ear conditions like labyrinthitis.