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GB virus C infection in Indonesian HIV-positive patients

Nungki Anggorowati1, Yoshihiko Yano, Yanri Wijayanti Subronto

  • 1Center for Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.

Microbiology and Immunology
|April 18, 2013
PubMed

Insights

The prevalence of GB virus C (GBV-C) is high in Indonesian HIV patients, with genotypes 2a, 3, and 6 detected. This suggests shared transmission routes with Hepatitis C virus (HCV).

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • GB virus C (GBV-C), a Flaviviridae family virus, is structurally and epidemiologically similar to Hepatitis C virus (HCV).
  • Previous studies suggest GBV-C may offer beneficial outcomes for HIV-positive patients.
  • The prevalence and molecular characteristics of GBV-C in Indonesian HIV patients remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of GBV-C infection among HIV-positive individuals in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
  • To investigate the molecular characteristics, including genotypes, of GBV-C isolates in this population.
  • To explore potential shared transmission routes between GBV-C and HCV.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted on 125 HIV-positive patients in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
  • GBV-C infection was detected using the 5'UTR region.
  • GBV-C genotyping was performed, and associations with patient demographics, risk factors (e.g., injection drug use), and HCV co-infection were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • A high prevalence of GBV-C infection was observed in 88.8% of HIV patients (111/125).
  • Prevalence was high in both HCV co-infected (81.3%) and HCV-negative (93.5%) groups.
  • Detected GBV-C genotypes were 2a (58.3%), 3 (12.6%), and 6 (28.4%).
  • Genotype 3 was associated with younger age and injection drug use.
  • Genotypes 3 and 6 were significantly associated with injection drug use and HCV co-infection, suggesting shared transmission routes.

Conclusions:

  • GBV-C infection is highly prevalent among HIV-positive patients in Indonesia.
  • Three distinct GBV-C genotypes (2a, 3, and 6) were identified.
  • The findings indicate a shared transmission pathway for GBV-C and HCV, particularly among injection drug users.

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