[Minimally invasive surgery versus conventional surgery. A review of the scientific evidence]

The concept that small incisions lead to a better outcome in many procedures has extended into most surgical areas, orthopaedic surgery among them. However, in some cases there is not enough scientific evidence to recommend these procedures. This article attempts to provide an updated review of the works published with sufficient scientific evidence on the advantages of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) compared to conventional access approaches. The published articles, meta-analyses and systematic literature reviews with level I or II evidence are reviewed in topographic order. Wherever possible, the information available on the costs-benefits of this type of surgery is also reviewed.