Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Eye

Muscles of the Eye

The muscles of the eye are sophisticated structures that control eye movement and focus, allowing for the precise and rapid adjustments necessary for vision. The human eye is controlled by ten muscles — six extraocular muscles, three intraocular muscles, and one primary eyelid retractor muscle.
Extraocular Muscles
The six extraocular muscles surround the eyeball and control its movements. They are responsible for a wide range of eye motions, including looking up, down, left, right, and rotating...

Accessory Structures of the Eye

Accessory Structures of the Eye

Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...

Focusing of Light in the Eye

Focusing of Light in the Eye

Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...

Anatomy of the Eyeball

Anatomy of the Eyeball

The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle layer, the vascular tunic,...

Prosopagnosia

Prosopagnosia

Prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness, is the inability to recognize faces. In severe cases, individuals with prosopagnosia may not recognize close family members, including parents and spouses, by their faces. For instance, someone with prosopagnosia might walk past their child in a crowd, only realizing their mistake upon noticing their child's distinctive backpack or favorite jacket. Prosopagnosia specifically impairs facial recognition, while the recognition of other objects or...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Low-cost fundoscopy simulation for everyone? Evaluation of knowledge gain and student satisfaction with the Kyoto Kagaku model.

Journal francais d'ophtalmologie·2026

Same author

Aniridia-associated keratopathy: Clinical and molecular mechanisms of disease progression and emerging therapeutic targets.

Acta ophthalmologica·2026

Same author

[Home or abroad? Potential effects of political change in Syria on doctors in Germany].

Die Ophthalmologie·2026

Same author

[Excimer laser-assisted keratoplasty is successful in the management of complex cases of intracorneal ring segments in keratoconus].

Die Ophthalmologie·2025

Same author

[Sequential toric IOL implantation after phakic DMEK due to secondary transplant failure after perforating keratoplasty with high corneal astigm].

Die Ophthalmologie·2025

Same author

Subthreshold nanosecond laser therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: A prospective study.

Journal francais d'ophtalmologie·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Use of Rabbit Eyes in Pharmacokinetic Studies of Intraocular Drugs

Use of Rabbit Eyes in Pharmacokinetic Studies of Intraocular Drugs

Published on: July 23, 2016

[What big eyes you have!].

S C Goebels¹, B Seitz, B Käsmann-Kellner

¹Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes UKS, Kirrbergerstr. 1, 66424, Homburg/Saar, Deutschland, susanne.goebels@uks.eu.

Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift Der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft

|April 19, 2013

Summary

A 4-year-old girl was diagnosed with anterior megalophthalmos, a rare condition causing enlarged corneas and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). This case highlights a previously undescribed sensitivity to eyelid muscle tension affecting IOP.

More Related Videos

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

Published on: November 30, 2018

Grossing of Non-neoplastic Globes, Including Fetal Eyes

Grossing of Non-neoplastic Globes, Including Fetal Eyes

Published on: May 30, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Use of Rabbit Eyes in Pharmacokinetic Studies of Intraocular Drugs

Use of Rabbit Eyes in Pharmacokinetic Studies of Intraocular Drugs

Published on: July 23, 2016

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

Published on: November 30, 2018

Grossing of Non-neoplastic Globes, Including Fetal Eyes

Grossing of Non-neoplastic Globes, Including Fetal Eyes

Published on: May 30, 2025

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Pediatric Ophthalmology
Genetics

Background:

Anterior megalophthalmos is a rare congenital bilateral condition characterized by enlarged corneas with normal visual acuity.
It is often associated with other ocular anomalies, such as glaucoma, cataracts, and iridocorneal angle abnormalities.

Observation:

A 4-year-old girl presented with asymptomatic bilateral elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) of 44 mmHg and enlarged corneal diameters.
Differential diagnoses included megalocornea, buphthalmos, and anterior megalophthalmos.
Normal optic nerve head morphology and electrophysiology, along with a deep anterior chamber, supported the diagnosis of anterior megalophthalmos.

Findings:

The patient exhibited a previously undescribed pathological sensitivity to minor changes in lid muscle tension, causing a sudden increase in intraocular pressure (IOD).
No topical treatment was initiated, and close ophthalmological surveillance was recommended.

Implications:

This case expands the known clinical spectrum of anterior megalophthalmos.
It suggests a potential new diagnostic consideration for elevated IOP in pediatric patients with this condition.
Further research is warranted to understand the mechanism of lid-related IOP fluctuations in anterior megalophthalmos.