Tracheal reconstruction with asymmetrically porous polycaprolactone/pluronic F127 membranes

Congenital and acquired tracheal stenosis continues to be challenging problems. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an asymmetrically porous membrane (APM) to induce tracheal reconstruction by inhibition of granulation tissue growth into the tracheal lumen whereas minimizing graft failure.

The APM was fabricated with polycaprolactone (PCL) and pluronic F127 to have nano-size pores at top side, whereas the bottom side had micro-size pores. Fifteen rabbits underwent tracheal defect, which was then reconstructed with the APM. Rabbits were euthanized 1, 4, and 12 weeks postoperatively, and endoscopic, histologic, and radiologic evaluations were conducted.

Endoscopy did not reveal granulation ingrowth into tracheal lumen. APM was well incorporated into the surrounding tissue on histologic evaluation. CT scans showed well maintained airways.

Off-the-shelf use of APM for tracheal reconstruction seems to be a promising strategy in the treatment of tracheal defects.