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Updated: May 12, 2026

In Vivo Intracerebral Stereotaxic Injections for Optogenetic Stimulation of Long-Range Inputs in Mouse Brain Slices

In Vivo Intracerebral Stereotaxic Injections for Optogenetic Stimulation of Long-Range Inputs in Mouse Brain Slices

Published on: September 20, 2019

Optogenetic approaches for functional mouse brain mapping.

Diana H Lim¹, Jeffrey Ledue, Majid H Mohajerani

¹Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia at Vancouver Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Frontiers in Neuroscience

|April 19, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

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Optogenetic tools enable precise brain mapping by stimulating neural circuits. This review covers methods like voltage-sensitive dyes (VSDs) for high-resolution functional connectivity studies in rodents.

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Optogenetics
Neuroimaging

Background:

Understanding brain connectivity requires mapping structural and functional neural connections.
Optogenetic tools offer precise manipulation and investigation of neural systems.
These tools enable functional brain mapping independent of behavior or sensory processing.

Purpose of the Study:

To review optogenetic methods for functional brain mapping.
To highlight techniques with high spatial and temporal resolution.
To discuss applications in rodent models.

Main Methods:

Optogenetic single-point stimulation in rodent brains.
Assessment of activity using cellular electrophysiology, evoked motor movements, voltage-sensitive dyes (VSDs), calcium indicators, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

Keywords:

Channelrhodopsin-2 connectivity functional mapping in vivo imaging optogenetic stimulation

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Optogenetic Manipulation of Neuronal Activity to Modulate Behavior in Freely Moving Mice

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Last Updated: May 12, 2026

In Vivo Intracerebral Stereotaxic Injections for Optogenetic Stimulation of Long-Range Inputs in Mouse Brain Slices

In Vivo Intracerebral Stereotaxic Injections for Optogenetic Stimulation of Long-Range Inputs in Mouse Brain Slices

Published on: September 20, 2019

Laser-scanning Photostimulation of Optogenetically Targeted Forebrain Circuits

Laser-scanning Photostimulation of Optogenetically Targeted Forebrain Circuits

Published on: December 27, 2013

Optogenetic Manipulation of Neuronal Activity to Modulate Behavior in Freely Moving Mice

Optogenetic Manipulation of Neuronal Activity to Modulate Behavior in Freely Moving Mice

Published on: October 27, 2020

Focus on red-shifted organic VSDs for high temporal resolution imaging spectrally separated from Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) activation.

Main Results:

Optogenetic methods allow for mapping functional connections with single-neuron spatial and millisecond temporal resolution.
VSD maps stimulated by ChR2 depend on intracortical synaptic activity.
These maps reflect neural circuits involved in sensory processing.

Conclusions:

Optogenetic functional mapping is a powerful approach for studying brain connectivity.
High temporal resolution imaging using VSDs offers advantages for neuroscience research.
Challenges remain in longitudinal studies requiring selective, high temporal resolution assessment.