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Updated: May 12, 2026

Measuring Frailty in HIV-infected Individuals. Identification of Frail Patients is the First Step to Amelioration and Reversal of Frailty
Published on: July 24, 2013
Impact of age on markers of HIV-1 disease
Vanessa Pirrone1, David J Libon, Christian Sell
1Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 N 15th Street, New College Building, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA ; Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 N 15th Street, New College Building, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA.
Abstract:
Aging is a complicated process characterized by a progressive loss of homeostasis, which results in an increased vulnerability to multiple diseases. HIV-1-infected patients demonstrate a premature aging phenotype and develop certain age-related diseases earlier in their lifespan than what is seen in the general population. Age-related comorbidities may include the development of bone disease, metabolic disorders, neurologic impairment and immunosenescence. Age also appears to have an effect on traditional markers of HIV-1 disease progression, including CD4+ T-cell count and viral load. These effects are not only a consequence of HIV-1 infection, but in many cases, are also linked to antiretroviral therapy. This review summarizes the complex interplay between HIV-1 infection and aging, and the impact that aging has on markers of HIV-1 disease.
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