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Related Concept Videos

Computed Tomography01:10

Computed Tomography

Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
X-ray Imaging01:24

X-ray Imaging

German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with X-rays, and by 1900, X-ray was widely...
Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...

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Time-Resolved, Dynamic Computed Tomography Angiography for Characterization of Aortic Endoleaks and Treatment Guidance via 2D-3D Fusion-Imaging
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Ion range estimation by using dual energy computed tomography.

Nora Hünemohr1, Bernhard Krauss, Julien Dinkel

  • 1Medical Physics in Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.

Zeitschrift Fur Medizinische Physik
|April 20, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Dual energy CT (DECT) improves ion therapy accuracy by enhancing water-equivalent path length (WEPL) calculations. This novel method significantly reduces uncertainties in treatment planning and ion range estimation compared to single energy CT.

Keywords:
BremsvermögenHeavy ion therapyProtonentherapieSchwerionentherapieWEPLdual energy CTproton therapystopping powers

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiotherapy
  • Imaging Technology

Background:

  • Inaccurate conversion of CT data to water-equivalent path length (WEPL) is a major source of uncertainty in ion treatment planning.
  • Dual-energy CT (DECT) offers potential to reduce CT number ambiguities by providing additional material information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel DECT-based calibration method for improved WEPL accuracy in ion therapy.
  • To assess the impact of the new DECT calibration on treatment planning and ion range prediction accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • Materials were scanned using a dual-source DECT scanner (Siemens Somatom Definition Flash).
  • Electron densities and effective atomic numbers were calculated from DECT images.
  • A new lookup table was created to translate electron density to WEPL, and treatment planning studies were performed.

Main Results:

  • The DECT calibration significantly reduced WEPL residuals for tissue surrogates (from -1.0±1.8% to 0.1±0.7%) and PMMA (from -7.8% to -1.0%).
  • Treatment planning with DECT calibration showed improved target coverage (62% to 98%) in idealized cases.
  • Ion range estimation in a frozen pig head improved from -2.1% deviation with single-energy CT to 0.3% with DECT.

Conclusions:

  • The novel DECT calibration method substantially improves WEPL accuracy for ion therapy.
  • This approach enhances treatment planning accuracy and ion range prediction, offering significant clinical benefits.