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Related Concept Videos

Ligand Binding Sites02:40

Ligand Binding Sites

Proteins are dynamic macromolecules that carry out a wide variety of essential processes; however, the activities of most proteins depend on their interactions with other molecules or ions, known as ligands.
Protein-ligand interactions are quite specific; even though numerous potential ligands surround a cellular protein at any given time, only a particular ligand can bind to that protein. Moreover, a ligand binds only to a dedicated area on the surface of the protein, known as the...
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...
Lampbrush Chromosomes01:51

Lampbrush Chromosomes

In 1882, Flemming observed lampbrush chromosomes (LBC) in salamander eggs. Later in 1892, Rückert observed LBCs in shark egg cells and coined the term "lampbrush chromosomes" because they looked like brushes used to clean kerosene lamps.
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Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts01:57

Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts

Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order to...
Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Validation of a Mouse Model to Disrupt LINC Complexes in a Cell-specific Manner
09:02

Validation of a Mouse Model to Disrupt LINC Complexes in a Cell-specific Manner

Published on: December 10, 2015

Structural insights into LINC complexes.

Brian A Sosa1, Ulrike Kutay, Thomas U Schwartz

  • 1Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Current Opinion in Structural Biology
|April 20, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The LInkers of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) complex mechanically connects the nucleus and cytoplasm. Structural insights reveal its critical role in cellular processes and diseases like muscular dystrophy.

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A Protocol for Using Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)-force Biosensors to Measure Mechanical Forces across the Nuclear LINC Complex
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A Protocol for Using Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)-force Biosensors to Measure Mechanical Forces across the Nuclear LINC Complex

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Validation of a Mouse Model to Disrupt LINC Complexes in a Cell-specific Manner
09:02

Validation of a Mouse Model to Disrupt LINC Complexes in a Cell-specific Manner

Published on: December 10, 2015

In Situ Detection of Ribonucleoprotein Complex Assembly in the C. elegans Germline using Proximity Ligation Assay
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A Protocol for Using Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)-force Biosensors to Measure Mechanical Forces across the Nuclear LINC Complex
09:43

A Protocol for Using Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)-force Biosensors to Measure Mechanical Forces across the Nuclear LINC Complex

Published on: April 11, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Cellular communication involves mechanical connections beyond molecular exchange.
  • The nucleus and cytoplasm are linked by molecular tethers spanning the nuclear envelope.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent developments in LINC complex research.
  • To highlight new structural insights into LINC complexes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on LINC complexes.
  • Analysis of newly reported structural data for LINC complexes.

Main Results:

  • Sad1, UNC-84 (SUN)-domain proteins and Klarsicht, ANC-1, SYNE/Nesprin (KASH)-peptide proteins form the core of the LINC complex.
  • LINC complexes connect the cytoskeleton and nucleoskeleton.
  • LINC complex aberrations are implicated in muscular dystrophies, cardiomyopathies, and premature aging.

Conclusions:

  • LINC complexes are crucial for diverse biological processes.
  • Recent structural studies provide key insights into LINC complex function.
  • Understanding LINC complexes is vital for disease research.