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Related Concept Videos

Hydrogen Bonds01:04

Hydrogen Bonds

A hydrogen bond is formed when a weakly positive hydrogen atom already bonded to one electronegative atom (for example, the oxygen in the water molecule) is attracted to another electronegative atom from another polar molecule, such as water (H2O), hydrogen fluoride (HF), or ammonia (NH3). The huge electronegativity difference between the H atom (2.1) and the atom to which it is bonded (4.0 for an F atom, 3.5 for an O atom, or 3.0 for an N atom), combined with the very small size of an H atom...
Hydrogen Bonds00:26

Hydrogen Bonds

Hydrogen bonds are weak attractions between atoms that have formed other chemical bonds. One of these atoms is electronegative, like oxygen, and has a partial negative charge. The other is a hydrogen atom that has bonded with another electronegative atom and has a partial positive charge.
Hydrogen Bonds Control the World!
Because hydrogen has very weak electronegativity when it binds with a strongly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen, electrons in the bond are unequally shared.
¹H NMR of Labile Protons: Deuterium (²H) Substitution00:48

¹H NMR of Labile Protons: Deuterium (²H) Substitution

This lesson illustrates the role of deuterium substitution in simplifying the NMR spectrum of compounds comprising labile protons. One method employed is the use of deuterium. Amongst the three isotopes of hydrogen, deuterium (2H) has a nucleus composed of one proton and one neutron. When the D2O solvent is added to a pure dry ethanol solution, its labile proton is substituted with deuterium.
Standard Electrode Potentials03:02

Standard Electrode Potentials

On comparing the reactivity of silver and lead, it is observed that the two ionic species, Ag+ (aq) and Pb2+ (aq), show a difference in their redox reactivity towards copper: the silver ion undergoes spontaneous reduction, while the lead ion does not. This relative redox activity can be easily quantified in electrochemical cells by a property called cell potential. This property is commonly known as cell voltage in electrochemistry, and it is a measure of the energy which accompanies the charge...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Quantification of Hydrogen Concentrations in Surface and Interface Layers and Bulk Materials through Depth Profiling with Nuclear Reaction Analysis
14:11

Quantification of Hydrogen Concentrations in Surface and Interface Layers and Bulk Materials through Depth Profiling with Nuclear Reaction Analysis

Published on: March 29, 2016

Hydrogen nanobubble at normal hydrogen electrode.

S Nakabayashi1, R Shinozaki, Y Senda

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Saitama University, Sakura-ku, Shimo-okubo, 225, Saitama 338-8570, Japan.

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|April 20, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hydrogen nanobubbles form electrochemically on platinum electrodes. Their dissolution is faster on platinum than gold due to differing diffusion mechanisms, revealing heterogeneous reactions at the three-phase boundary.

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Preparation and Use of Photocatalytically Active Segmented Ag|ZnO and Coaxial TiO2-Ag Nanowires Made by Templated Electrodeposition
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Probing and Mapping Electrode Surfaces in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Surface Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Hydrogen nanobubbles are formed electrochemically on electrode surfaces.
  • Understanding their behavior is crucial for electrochemical processes.
  • Previous studies have not fully elucidated their dissolution dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detect electrochemically formed hydrogen nanobubbles.
  • To measure the dissolution time course of these nanobubbles.
  • To compare nanobubble dissolution on platinum and gold electrodes.

Main Methods:

  • Detection of hydrogen nanobubbles via re-oxidation charge.
  • Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) tapping topography for dissolution measurement.
  • Open-circuit condition analysis on stationary platinum and gold single-crystal electrodes.

Main Results:

  • Hydrogen nanobubbles were successfully detected and their dissolution tracked.
  • Nanobubble dissolution was significantly faster on platinum compared to gold.
  • Platinum exhibited both bulk and surface diffusion, while gold only allowed bulk diffusion.

Conclusions:

  • Electrochemical reactions of the hydrogen evolution reaction occur heterogeneously.
  • The three-phase boundary around hydrogen nanobubbles plays a key role.
  • Surface diffusion significantly impacts hydrogen nanobubble dissolution rates.