Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Type I Diabetes I: Introduction

Type I Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin resulting from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Although it can occur at any age, it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. The loss of insulin production impairs cellular glucose uptake, resulting in persistent hyperglycemia and necessitating lifelong insulin therapy.Autoimmune Destruction of β-CellsThe hallmark of type 1 diabetes is an...

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects

Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care

The management of chronic pancreatitis is multifaceted, involving a comprehensive approach that includes thorough assessment, diagnostic testing, and a variety of management strategies.
Assessment:

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by the...

Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion

Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion

The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are co-secreted in...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Diabetes phenotypes: Beyond IDDM vs NIDDM.

Journal of diabetes·2019

Same author

Assessing the Performance of a Noninvasive Glucose Monitor in People with Type 2 Diabetes with Different Demographic Profiles.

Journal of diabetes research·2018

Same author

Anti-PD-L1 therapy and the onset of diabetes mellitus with positive pancreatic autoantibodies.

BMJ case reports·2017

Same author

Can we go beyond surrogates?

Journal of diabetes·2017

Same author

Treatment: Concepts and new developments.

Journal of diabetes·2016

Same author

New approaches to wound healing for diabetes.

Journal of diabetes·2015

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Transplantation of Pancreatic Islets Into the Kidney Capsule of Diabetic Mice

Transplantation of Pancreatic Islets Into the Kidney Capsule of Diabetic Mice

Published on: October 31, 2007

Who needs an artificial pancreas? (？).

Janet Winikoff¹, Andrew Drexler

¹Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.

Journal of Diabetes

|April 23, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

An artificial pancreas offers potential for improved blood glucose management in diabetes. However, current technology limitations prevent its feasibility, particularly in managing glucose fluctuations related to food and exercise.

Keywords:

artificial pancreas closed loop system diabetes management insulin delivery 人工胰腺，闭环系统，糖尿病治疗，胰岛素给药装置

More Related Videos

Human Pseudoislet System for Synchronous Assessment of Fluorescent Biosensor Dynamics and Hormone Secretory Profiles

Human Pseudoislet System for Synchronous Assessment of Fluorescent Biosensor Dynamics and Hormone Secretory Profiles

Published on: November 3, 2023

Isolation and Decellularization of a Whole Porcine Pancreas

Isolation and Decellularization of a Whole Porcine Pancreas

Published on: October 10, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Transplantation of Pancreatic Islets Into the Kidney Capsule of Diabetic Mice

Transplantation of Pancreatic Islets Into the Kidney Capsule of Diabetic Mice

Published on: October 31, 2007

Human Pseudoislet System for Synchronous Assessment of Fluorescent Biosensor Dynamics and Hormone Secretory Profiles

Human Pseudoislet System for Synchronous Assessment of Fluorescent Biosensor Dynamics and Hormone Secretory Profiles

Published on: November 3, 2023

Isolation and Decellularization of a Whole Porcine Pancreas

Isolation and Decellularization of a Whole Porcine Pancreas

Published on: October 10, 2018

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Endocrinology
Diabetes Technology

Background:

Achieving near-normal glycemic control remains a significant challenge for endocrinologists and patients with diabetes.
Current advancements in artificial pancreas technology have primarily focused on the fasting, sedentary state.
Managing blood sugar excursions caused by meals and physical activity presents a major hurdle.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the current feasibility of a closed-loop artificial pancreas system.
To identify the technological limitations hindering the development of a fully functional artificial pancreas.

Main Methods:

Review of existing artificial pancreas technologies and mathematical modeling approaches.
Analysis of challenges in glucose control during non-fasting and active states.

Main Results:

Significant progress has been made in automated blood glucose control for fasting and sedentary conditions.
The management of postprandial and exercise-induced glycemic variability remains problematic.
Current technological limitations preclude the realization of a fully functional artificial pancreas.

Conclusions:

A closed-loop artificial pancreas is not currently feasible due to inherent technological limitations.
Further research and technological advancements are required to overcome challenges in managing glucose excursions.
The development of an artificial pancreas requires addressing complexities beyond basal glucose regulation.