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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...

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Biotin-based Pulldown Assay to Validate mRNA Targets of Cellular miRNAs
11:00

Biotin-based Pulldown Assay to Validate mRNA Targets of Cellular miRNAs

Published on: June 12, 2018

Perspectives in targeting miRNA function.

Christiane Schöniger1, Christoph Arenz

  • 1Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Institute for Chemistry, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany.

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
|April 23, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Oligonucleotide analogues inhibiting microRNA (miRNA) function are in clinical trials. Small molecules targeting miRNA biogenesis are also emerging as novel therapeutic strategies.

Keywords:
AntagomirsHigh throughput screeningSmall moleculesmiRNA

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Identifying Targets of Human microRNAs with the LightSwitch Luciferase Assay System using 3'UTR-reporter Constructs and a microRNA Mimic in Adherent Cells

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Biotin-based Pulldown Assay to Validate mRNA Targets of Cellular miRNAs
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Published on: September 28, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression.
  • Dysregulated miRNA function is implicated in various diseases.
  • Targeting miRNA offers a promising therapeutic avenue.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of recent advancements in controlling miRNA function.
  • To highlight oligonucleotide analogues and small molecule inhibitors.
  • To discuss the potential of these approaches in therapeutic development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on miRNA inhibition strategies.
  • Analysis of oligonucleotide analogues in clinical trials.
  • Exploration of small molecule-mediated inhibition of miRNA biogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Oligonucleotide analogues are actively being investigated in clinical trials for miRNA inhibition.
  • Small molecule-based approaches for inhibiting miRNA biogenesis are under development.
  • These methods represent significant progress in modulating miRNA activity.

Conclusions:

  • Oligonucleotide analogues and small molecule inhibitors are key emerging strategies for miRNA-targeted therapies.
  • Further research and development hold promise for novel treatments based on miRNA modulation.
  • The field is rapidly evolving with significant therapeutic potential.