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Proliferation and Differentiation of Murine Myeloid Precursor 32D/G-CSF-R Cells

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Pulp progenitor cell recruitment is selectively guided by a C5a gradient.

F Chmilewsky¹, C Jeanneau, P Laurent

¹Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, ISM UMR 7287, 13288, Marseille cedex 09, France.

Journal of Dental Research

|April 23, 2013

Summary

Complement activation fragment C5a attracts pulp progenitor cells via C5aR, promoting dentin regeneration. This migration is crucial for initiating tissue repair after dental pulp injury.

Keywords:

chemotaxis complement odontoblast(s)pulp biology regenerative medicine stem cell(s)

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Published on: July 29, 2018

Area of Science:

Immunology
Regenerative Medicine
Dental Research

Background:

Complement system activation aids tissue regeneration.
The C5a fragment attracts cells expressing its receptor (C5aR/CD88).
Pulp progenitor cells may respond to local complement activation in dental caries.

Purpose of the Study:

Evaluate C5a's ability to induce pulp progenitor cell migration.
Investigate the link between complement activation and dentin regeneration.
Determine if C5aR is expressed on pulp progenitor cells.

Main Methods:

Immunofluorescence analysis of third molar pulp sections.
RT-PCR on STRO-1-sorted pulp progenitor cells.
Inhibition of C5aR using the antagonist W54011.
Immunohistochemistry for C5b-9 in carious teeth.

Main Results:

C5aR and STRO-1 were localized perivascularly in pulp.
Pulp progenitor cells expressed high C5aR mRNA levels.
C5a induced selective migration of progenitor cells via C5aR.
C5b-9 formation was observed in carious teeth.

Conclusions:

Local complement activation via C5a promotes pulp progenitor cell migration.
This C5a-induced migration is critical for initiating dentin/pulp regeneration.
The findings link complement system activity to dental tissue repair mechanisms.