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Updated: May 12, 2026

Functionalized Spirocyclic Heterocycle Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Assay
Published on: February 9, 2021
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some new thieno[2,3-b]thiophene derivatives
Yahia Nasser Mabkhot1, Nabila Abdelshafy Kheder, Ahmad M Farag
1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. yahia@ksu.edu.sa
Abstract:
A series of thieno[2,3-b]thiophene moiety-containing bis-cyanopyrazoles 5a-c, bis-aminopyrazole 9 and bis-pyridazine derivatives 11 were synthesized and evaluated in vitro for their antimicrobial potential. The antimicrobial activity of some selected products was evaluated and showed good results. 5,5'-(3,4-Dimethylthieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)bis(3-acetyl-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile) (5d) was found to be more potent than the standard drug amphotericin B against Geotricum candidum and equipotent to amphotericin B against Syncephalastrum racemosum. In addition, it was found to be equipotent to the standard drug Penicillin G against Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, it was more potent than the standard drug streptomycin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli.
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