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Responses to Drought and Flooding

Responses to Drought and Flooding

Water plays a significant role in the life cycle of plants. However, insufficient or excess of water can be detrimental and pose a serious threat to plants.

Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss

Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss

Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.

Responses to Salt Stress

Responses to Salt Stress

Salt stress—which can be triggered by high salt concentrations in a plant’s environment—can significantly affect plant growth and crop production by influencing photosynthesis and the absorption of water and nutrients.

Transcription

Transcription

Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress

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Regulation of Transpiration by Stomata

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

A Telemetric, Gravimetric Platform for Real-Time Physiological Phenotyping of Plant–Environment Interactions

A Telemetric, Gravimetric Platform for Real-Time Physiological Phenotyping of Plant–Environment Interactions

Published on: August 5, 2020

Rice male development under drought stress: phenotypic changes and stage-dependent transcriptomic reprogramming.

Yue Jin¹, Hongxing Yang, Zheng Wei

¹State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China.

Molecular Plant

|April 23, 2013

Summary

Drought severely impacts rice reproduction, causing abnormal anther development and reduced pollen viability. Gene expression changes in rice florets reveal a developmental stage-dependent response to water stress, affecting key metabolic and signaling pathways.

Keywords:

drought stress floral development male fertility rice transcriptome.

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Last Updated: May 12, 2026

A Telemetric, Gravimetric Platform for Real-Time Physiological Phenotyping of Plant–Environment Interactions

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High Throughput Image-Based Phenotyping for Determining Morphological and Physiological Responses to Single and Combined Stresses in Potato

High Throughput Image-Based Phenotyping for Determining Morphological and Physiological Responses to Single and Combined Stresses in Potato

Published on: June 7, 2024

Area of Science:

Plant Biology
Agricultural Science
Genomics

Background:

Drought stress significantly impacts rice yield by affecting reproductive development.
Understanding the molecular mechanisms of drought response in rice reproductive tissues is crucial for crop improvement.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of reproductive stage drought stress on rice floral development and gene expression.
To identify key genes and pathways involved in drought-induced reproductive defects in rice.

Main Methods:

Rice plants were subjected to drought stress during the reproductive stage.
Floral development, pollen viability, and starch accumulation were analyzed.
Transcriptomic changes were assessed using microarray analysis of florets of different sizes.

Main Results:

Drought stress caused aberrant anther development, leading to reduced pollen viability and abnormal starch accumulation.
Over 1000 drought-responsive genes were identified, with many showing developmental stage-specific regulation.
Genes involved in starch synthesis, cell wall formation, and phytohormone signaling (gibberellin and abscisic acid) were significantly affected.

Conclusions:

Rice reproductive development is highly sensitive to drought stress, with significant impacts on male fertility.
Drought response in rice florets is developmental stage-dependent, involving complex interactions between carbohydrate metabolism, phytohormone signaling, and gene regulation.