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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

A Chronic Immobilization Stress Protocol for Inducing Depression-Like Behavior in Mice

A Chronic Immobilization Stress Protocol for Inducing Depression-Like Behavior in Mice

Published on: May 15, 2019

Steroid-responsive depression.

Claus Normann¹, Lukas Frase, Mathias Berger

¹Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.

BMJ Case Reports

|April 23, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis (SREAT) can mimic major depression. Prompt diagnosis and treatment with corticosteroids led to full recovery in a patient with treatment-resistant depression.

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Endocrinology
Psychiatry

Background:

Major depression can present with subtle or absent neurological signs, complicating diagnosis.
Standard antidepressant treatments were ineffective for this patient's long-standing depressive symptoms.

Observation:

The patient exhibited pathological findings on EEG, CSF analysis, FDG-PET, and neuropsychological testing.
An epileptic state suggested an underlying organic encephalopathy.

Findings:

Elevated thyroid antibodies in serum and CSF were key indicators.
Intravenous prednisolone treatment resulted in rapid and sustained recovery.

Implications:

This case highlights SREAT as a treatable organic cause of psychiatric symptoms.
Early identification of autoimmune encephalopathy is crucial for effective treatment and patient outcomes.