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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

High-throughput Fluorometric Measurement of Potential Soil Extracellular Enzyme Activities

High-throughput Fluorometric Measurement of Potential Soil Extracellular Enzyme Activities

Published on: November 15, 2013

[Not Available].

Manfred Gareis¹, Wolfgang Rödel

¹Institut für Mikrobiologie und Toxikologie, Bundesanstalt für Fleischforschung, Kulmbach.

Mycotoxin Research

|April 23, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Ochratoxin A and B (OTA, OTB) are not produced by Penicillium verrucosum on barley stored below 18% moisture content. Higher moisture levels significantly increase OTA and OTB production during storage.

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Area of Science:

Food Microbiology
Mycotoxicology
Agricultural Science

Context:

Penicillium verrucosum is a fungal species known to produce ochratoxins.
Brewing barley is a susceptible substrate for fungal growth and mycotoxin production.
Storage conditions, particularly moisture and water activity, significantly influence fungal growth and toxinogenesis.

Purpose:

To investigate the production of ochratoxin A (OTA) and ochratoxin B (OTB) by Penicillium verrucosum on brewing barley.
To determine the critical moisture content and water activity thresholds for OTA and OTB production.
To evaluate the effect of storage duration on mycotoxin accumulation.

Summary:

OTA production initiated at ≥19% moisture (0.83 aw adsorptive, 0.82 aw desorptive) on barley stored at 25°C.
Increased moisture content (20-21%) and storage duration (4-6 weeks) led to significant increases in OTA levels.
OTB production was observed at ≥18% moisture (0.81 aw adsorptive).
No OTA or OTB production occurred below 18% moisture content.

Impact:

Establishes critical moisture thresholds for preventing OTA and OTB contamination in stored barley.
Provides valuable data for food safety and quality control in the malting and brewing industries.
Informs risk assessment and management strategies for mycotoxin contamination in agricultural commodities.