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Transcription01:17

Transcription

Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in correctly synthesizing messenger RNA (mRNA). Transcriptional regulation is responsible for the differentiation of different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
Transcription01:10

Transcription

Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Transcription01:10

Transcription

Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Transcription01:17

Transcription

Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in correctly synthesizing messenger RNA (mRNA). Transcriptional regulation is responsible for the differentiation of different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
Proteins: From Genes to Degradation02:11

Proteins: From Genes to Degradation

Within a biological system, the DNA encodes the RNA, and the nucleotide sequence in the RNA further defines the amino acid sequence in the protein. This is referred to as “The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology” - a term coined by Francis Crick.  Central dogma is a firm principle in biology that defines the flow of genetic information within any life form. The two fundamental steps in central dogma are - transcription and translation.
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA molecules by RNA...
Proteins: From Genes to Degradation02:11

Proteins: From Genes to Degradation

Within a biological system, the DNA encodes the RNA, and the nucleotide sequence in the RNA further defines the amino acid sequence in the protein. This is referred to as “The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology” - a term coined by Francis Crick.  Central dogma is a firm principle in biology that defines the flow of genetic information within any life form. The two fundamental steps in central dogma are - transcription and translation.
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA molecules by RNA...

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Updated: May 12, 2026

In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing
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Cracking the ENCODE: from transcription to therapeutics.

Gautam Mehta1, Rajiv Jalan, Rajeshwar P Mookerjee

  • 1University College London, Institute of Hepatology, London, UK.

Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)
|April 24, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The human genome

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The function of most of the human genome is unknown.
  • The Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) project aims to identify functional elements in the human genome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically map functional regions of the human genome.
  • To assign biochemical functions to genomic regions, particularly non-coding DNA.
  • To gain insights into gene regulation and the interpretation of human disease-associated genetic variations.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic mapping of transcription, transcription factor binding, chromatin structure, and histone modifications across the genome.
  • Analysis of large-scale genomic datasets generated by the ENCODE project.
  • Statistical analysis to correlate functional elements with gene expression and disease-associated variants.

Main Results:

  • Biochemical functions were assigned to 80% of the human genome, with a significant focus on non-coding regions.
  • Numerous candidate regulatory elements were identified and shown to be physically associated with each other and with expressed genes.
  • A statistical correspondence was found between newly identified elements and sequence variants linked to human diseases.

Conclusions:

  • The ENCODE project has significantly advanced our understanding of genome organization and regulation.
  • The identified functional elements provide novel insights into gene regulatory mechanisms.
  • The ENCODE resource offers valuable functional annotations to aid biomedical research and the interpretation of genetic variations in disease.