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Related Concept Videos

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature02:54

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...
Coordination Number and Geometry02:57

Coordination Number and Geometry

For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Valence Bond Theory02:45

Valence Bond Theory

Overview of Valence Bond Theory

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Heterobimetallic complexes stabilized by the P<sub>2</sub>N<sub>2</sub> macrocyclic ligand system: synthesis and reactivity of a rhodium-copper system that activates molecular hydrogen.

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Dinitrogen functionalization at a ditantalum center. Balancing N<sub>2</sub> displacement and N<sub>2</sub> functionalization in the reaction of coordinated N<sub>2</sub> with CS<sub>2</sub>.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Structure and Coordination Determination of Peptide-metal Complexes Using 1D and 2D 1H NMR
14:44

Structure and Coordination Determination of Peptide-metal Complexes Using 1D and 2D 1H NMR

Published on: December 16, 2013

N2 coordination.

Michael D Fryzuk1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z1. fryzuk@chem.ubc.ca

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|April 24, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Allen and Senoff

Area of Science:

  • Coordination Chemistry
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Organometallic Chemistry

Background:

  • Limited understanding of dinitrogen (N2) coordination prior to 1965.
  • Previous attempts to synthesize metal-nitrogen complexes were largely unsuccessful.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the historical context and significance of the 1965 Allen and Senoff report.
  • To evaluate the impact of the discovery of the first dinitrogen complex on coordination chemistry.

Main Methods:

  • Historical literature review.
  • Analysis of seminal research papers from the period.
  • Contextualization within the field of inorganic and coordination chemistry.

Main Results:

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Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents

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Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex
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Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex

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Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Structure and Coordination Determination of Peptide-metal Complexes Using 1D and 2D 1H NMR
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Published on: December 16, 2013

Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents
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Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents

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Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex
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Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex

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  • The serendipitous discovery of the first complex with coordinated dinitrogen, [Ru(NH3)5N2](2+).
  • Demonstrated the feasibility of N2 coordination to transition metals.
  • Opened new avenues for research in nitrogen fixation and coordination chemistry.

    • Conclusions:

    • The Allen and Senoff report was a landmark event in coordination chemistry.
    • This discovery revolutionized the understanding of metal-ligand bonding with N2.
    • It paved the way for future research into nitrogen-containing compounds and catalysis.