Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
Osmoregulation in Insects01:47

Osmoregulation in Insects

Malpighian tubules are specialized structures found in the digestive systems of many arthropods, including most insects, that handle excretion and osmoregulation. The tubules are typically arranged in pairs and have a convoluted structure that increases their surface area.
Morphogenesis02:19

Morphogenesis

Plant morphogenesis—the development of a plant’s form and structure—involves several overlapping developmental processes, including growth and cell differentiation. Precursor cells differentiate into specific cell types, which are organized into the tissues and organ systems that make up the functional plant.
MAPK Signaling Cascades01:07

MAPK Signaling Cascades

Mitogen-activated protein kinase, or MAPK pathway, activates three sequential kinases to regulate cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The canonical MAPK pathway starts with a mitogen or growth factor binding to an RTK. The activated RTKs stimulate Ras, which recruits Raf or MAP3 Kinase (MAPKKK), the first kinase of the MAPK signaling cascade. Raf further phosphorylates and activates MEK or MAP2 Kinases (MAPKK), which in turn phosphorylates MAP...
Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Monosynaptic connections link functionally similar regions in human cortex.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Human intracranial correlates of dynamic coding in auditory working memory.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Pallidal alpha activity is an electrophysiological biomarker of symptom severity in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Research square·2026
Same author

Engaging patient communities in intracranial neuroscience research.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Parkinson's disease as a somato-cognitive action network disorder.

Nature·2026
Same author

Invasive neurophysiology and whole brain connectomics for neural decoding in patients with brain implants.

Nature biomedical engineering·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans
10:36

Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans

Published on: May 21, 2020

Pheromone-induced morphogenesis improves osmoadaptation capacity by activating the HOG MAPK pathway.

Rodrigo Baltanás1, Alan Bush, Alicia Couto

  • 1Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas y Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EHA, Argentina.

Science Signaling
|April 25, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Yeast mating pheromone response activates the high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) pathway in cells adapted to high salt. This cross-talk improves adaptability to environmental changes by regulating glycerol release.

More Related Videos

Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development
09:32

Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development

Published on: June 15, 2017

Xenopus laevis as a Model to Identify Translation Impairment
10:24

Xenopus laevis as a Model to Identify Translation Impairment

Published on: September 27, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans
10:36

Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans

Published on: May 21, 2020

Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development
09:32

Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development

Published on: June 15, 2017

Xenopus laevis as a Model to Identify Translation Impairment
10:24

Xenopus laevis as a Model to Identify Translation Impairment

Published on: September 27, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Cellular biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Yeast genetics

Background:

  • Cells encounter diverse environmental stimuli.
  • Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, including pheromone response (PR), cell wall integrity (CWI), and high osmolarity glycerol (HOG), regulate cellular processes.
  • Pathway insulation normally prevents cross-activation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate yeast mating pheromone response in high osmolarity conditions.
  • Determine the mechanism of cross-talk between PR and HOG pathways.
  • Understand how this interaction affects cellular adaptation.

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell time-course analysis of yeast cells.
  • Investigation of MAPK pathway activation.
  • Measurement of internal osmolarity and glycerol release.

Main Results:

  • Pheromone response activates the HOG pathway in high osmolarity-adapted yeast.
  • Activation is dependent on pheromone and osmolarity, linked to reduced internal osmolarity via glycerol release.
  • HOG activation requires the polarisome, Slt2, and Fps1, occurring in bursts during cell polarization (shmooing).

Conclusions:

  • Pheromone-induced glycerol release triggers HOG pathway activation.
  • This cross-talk enhances yeast adaptability to osmotic fluctuations.
  • Differentiation signals can recruit sensory pathways to fine-tune cellular responses in complex environments.