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Risk factors for hepatitis C transmission in HIV patients, Hepacam study, ANRS 12267 Cambodia

Sophie Goyet1, Nathalie Lerolle, Isabelle Fournier-Nicolle

  • 1Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, Pasteur Institute in Cambodia, 5, Boulevard Monivong, BP 983, Phnom Penh, Cambodia, sophiegoyet@gmail.com.

AIDS and Behavior
|April 25, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) in Cambodia is linked to age, past surgeries, and parenteral exposures. Enhanced infection control and screening are crucial for this vulnerable population.

Area of Science:

  • * Infectious Diseases
  • * Public Health
  • * Epidemiology

Background:

  • * Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) share common transmission routes.
  • * Understanding HCV transmission dynamics in HIV-positive individuals is critical for effective prevention and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate the specific routes and risk factors for HCV transmission among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) in Cambodia.
  • * To identify key factors associated with HCV/HIV co-infection.

Main Methods:

  • * A case-control study conducted in 2009 involving 44 HCV/HIV co-infected cases and 160 HIV mono-infected controls.
  • * Data collection included medical history, focusing on exposure to parenteral infusions, surgery, and fibroscopy.
  • * Multivariate analysis was employed to determine factors associated with co-infection.

Main Results:

  • * Older age (>50 years) was significantly associated with HCV/HIV co-infection (OR 5.4, 95% CI 1.5-19.6).
  • * Exposure to multiple parenteral infusions before 2000 (OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.5-7.6), surgery (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.2-5.7), and fibroscopy (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.0-5.7) were identified as significant risk factors.
  • * These factors highlight potential iatrogenic or nosocomial transmission routes.

Conclusions:

  • * The study underscores the necessity of implementing routine HCV screening for PLHIV.
  • * Strengthening national infection control guidelines and raising public awareness about the risks of parenteral medications are essential.
  • * Targeted interventions are needed to reduce HCV transmission within the PLHIV population in Cambodia.

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