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Peptide Bonds

Peptide Bonds

A peptide bond covalently attaches amino acids through a dehydration reaction. One amino acid's carboxyl group and another amino acid's amino group combine, releasing a water molecule. The resulting bond is the peptide bond. The products that such linkages form are peptides. As more amino acids join this growing chain, the resulting chain is a polypeptide. Each polypeptide has a free amino group at one end. This end has the N-terminal, or the amino-terminal, and the other end has a free...

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Updated: May 12, 2026

Formulation of Diblock Polymeric Nanoparticles through Nanoprecipitation Technique

Formulation of Diblock Polymeric Nanoparticles through Nanoprecipitation Technique

Published on: September 20, 2011

Enzyme cleavable nanoparticles from peptide based triblock copolymers.

Adrian V Fuchs¹, Niklas Kotman, Julien Andrieu

¹Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.

|April 25, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We developed protease-cleavable polystyrene-peptide-polystyrene nanoparticles for enzyme detection and drug delivery. These nanoparticles optically signal enzyme activity through fluorescence changes upon peptide cleavage.

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Solid-phase Submonomer Synthesis of Peptoid Polymers and their Self-Assembly into Highly-Ordered Nanosheets

Solid-phase Submonomer Synthesis of Peptoid Polymers and their Self-Assembly into Highly-Ordered Nanosheets

Published on: November 2, 2011

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Nanotechnology
Polymer Chemistry

Background:

Protease-cleavable polymers offer potential for targeted drug delivery and diagnostics.
Developing robust synthesis methods for complex polymer architectures like triblock copolymers is crucial.
Enzyme-responsive nanoparticles can provide real-time monitoring of biological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize protease-cleavable polystyrene-peptide-polystyrene triblock copolymers using solid-phase synthesis.
To formulate these copolymers into nanoparticles for optical enzyme detection.
To explore their potential as a drug delivery system.

Main Methods:

Solid-phase synthesis of polystyrene-peptide-polystyrene triblock copolymers.
Incorporation of a fluorophore-quencher pair for optical detection.
Nanoparticle formulation via nanoprecipitation.
Enzyme-induced cleavage and fluorescence monitoring.

Main Results:

Successful synthesis of triblock copolymers with protease-cleavable peptide linkers.
Formation of stable nanoparticles with hydrophobic polystyrene chains.
Significant fluorescence increase upon incubation with specific proteases (trypsin, hepsin).
Demonstrated optical detection of enzyme activity and particle decomposition.

Conclusions:

Solid-phase synthesis simplifies the production of complex, cleavable polymer architectures.
These nanoparticles serve as effective optical sensors for enzyme activity.
The released fragments show promise for drug delivery applications.
The approach offers a versatile platform for diagnostics and therapeutics.