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Updated: May 12, 2026

Anatomical Reconstructions of the Human Cardiac Venous System using Contrast-computed Tomography of Perfusion-fixed Specimens
06:02

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Frequency and risk factors of contrast-induced nephropathy after contrast procedures in a Nigerian tertiary centre

O Okoye1, L Ojogwu, E Unuigbe

  • 1Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Benin Teaching Hospital.Benin City, Edo State.

West African Journal of Medicine
|April 25, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) affects 35.9% of patients receiving intravenous contrast. Baseline renal insufficiency, anemia, and age over 55 are key risk factors for developing this acute renal failure.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Radiology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a significant cause of hospital-acquired acute renal failure (ARF).
  • Increasing use of contrast media highlights the need for incidence and risk factor data, especially in developing nations.
  • Existing data on CIN following intravenous contrast media is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of CIN in patients receiving intravenous contrast.
  • To identify risk factors associated with CIN in a tertiary healthcare setting.
  • To assess the predictive value of identified risk factors for CIN.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective observational study involving 180 consenting patients over 6 months.
  • Collection of blood and urine samples pre-contrast and up to 72 hours post-exposure.
  • Analysis included hematocrit, serum urea, electrolytes, creatinine, and urinalysis.

Main Results:

  • The overall frequency of CIN was 35.9%.
  • One patient required hemodialysis due to CIN.
  • Univariate analysis identified baseline renal insufficiency, anemia, and age >55 years as significant risk factors for CIN.

Conclusions:

  • CIN is a frequent complication following intravenous contrast administration.
  • Baseline renal insufficiency, anemia, and older age are associated with increased CIN risk.
  • Further multivariate analysis is needed to confirm independent predictive value of these risk factors.

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