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Related Concept Videos

Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration occur due to afferent arteriolar...
Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:26

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...
Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:24

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice
10:31

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Published on: May 2, 2025

[Diabetes and kidneys].

D Gäckler1, S Jäkel, L Fricke

  • 1Praxis für Nierenerkrankungen und Diabetes Bochum. dirk.gaeckler@dialyse-bochum.de

Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
|April 25, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diabetic nephropathy, a major cause of kidney failure, requires early diagnosis via urine albumin and eGFR tests. Management involves addressing cardiovascular risks and employing a multifactorial approach for type 2 diabetes patients.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice
10:31

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Published on: May 2, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiology

Context:

  • Diabetic nephropathy is the primary cause of end-stage renal disease globally.
  • Diagnosis involves urine albumin excretion and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).
  • High cardiovascular risk necessitates screening for risk factors and established cardiovascular disease.

Purpose:

  • To outline the diagnostic criteria for diabetic nephropathy.
  • To emphasize the importance of managing cardiovascular risk factors in diabetic nephropathy patients.
  • To detail the multifactorial treatment approach for diabetic nephropathy, particularly in type 2 diabetes.

Summary:

  • Diabetic nephropathy diagnosis is confirmed by urine albumin excretion and eGFR.
  • Cardiovascular risk assessment is crucial due to high associated risks.
  • Management requires a multifactorial approach including lifestyle changes, blood pressure control, and lipid-lowering therapy, especially for type 2 diabetes.

Impact:

  • Highlights the critical link between diabetes and kidney disease.
  • Underscores the need for comprehensive patient management beyond glycemic control.
  • Informs clinical practice regarding the integrated care of diabetic nephropathy patients.