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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

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Hypoxia Alters miRNAs Levels Involved in Non-Mendelian Inheritance of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Mice
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Chronological changes in microRNA expression in the developing human brain.

Michael P Moreau1, Shannon E Bruse, Rebecka Jornsten

  • 1Department of Genetics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America. moreau@biology.rutgers.edu

Plos One
|April 25, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents the first comprehensive miRNA expression atlas of the developing human brain. It reveals significant changes in microRNA (miRNA) levels across fetal, young, and adult stages, aiding future neurobiological research.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of neurobiological processes.
  • Distinct miRNA expression patterns exist in developing rodent and porcine brains.
  • Comprehensive miRNA profiling of the developing human brain was previously unreported.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a miRNA expression atlas for the developing human brain.
  • To profile miRNA expression across various human brain developmental stages.
  • To establish a classification scheme for miRNA function in neurobiology.

Main Methods:

  • Microarray and TaqMan-based expression analysis were employed.
  • Profiling included all annotated mature miRNAs (miRBase 10.0) and 373 novel predicted miRNAs.
  • Expression levels were measured in 48 post-mortem human brain samples from 14 weeks gestation to adulthood.

Main Results:

  • Expression levels of 312 miRNAs showed significant changes between developmental stages.
  • Significant differences were observed between fetal, young, and adult brain samples.
  • A comprehensive dataset of miRNA expression across human brain development was generated.

Conclusions:

  • A miRNA expression atlas of the developing human brain has been constructed.
  • A novel classification scheme is proposed to guide future miRNA research.
  • This atlas provides a foundation for understanding miRNA roles in human brain development and function.