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Related Concept Videos

Complement System01:27

Complement System

The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a membrane...
Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
What is the Immune System?01:38

What is the Immune System?

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Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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Antibody Actions01:26

Antibody Actions

Antibodies, or immunoglobulins, are critical players in the immune system's arsenal against invading pathogens. Produced by B cells and plasma cells, their primary role is to detect and bind to specific antigens, molecules found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria or viruses. Beyond antigen recognition, antibodies perform several vital functions that contribute to immune defense.
Neutralization
Antibodies can bind to pathogens, preventing them from infecting host cells. This process...

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Interrogating Individual Autoreactive Germinal Centers by Photoactivation in a Mixed Chimeric Model of Autoimmunity
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Complement and autoimmunity.

Eleonora Ballanti1, Carlo Perricone, Elisabetta Greco

  • 1Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.

Immunologic Research
|April 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The complement system, crucial for innate immunity, also regulates adaptive immunity. Its dysregulation contributes to autoimmune diseases, making it a promising therapeutic target.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Autoimmunity
  • Innate and Adaptive Immunity

Background:

  • The complement system, part of innate immunity, was historically viewed solely for pathogen elimination.
  • Recent findings highlight its critical role in immune regulation and bridging innate and adaptive immune responses.
  • Imbalances in complement regulation can lead to tissue inflammation and autoimmune pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the immunoregulatory functions of the complement system.
  • To explore the link between complement dysregulation and autoimmune diseases.
  • To discuss complement system as a therapeutic target for autoimmune conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of complement system functions and dysregulation in autoimmune diseases.
  • Analysis of preclinical and clinical data on complement-targeted therapies.
  • Examination of therapeutic strategies including complement activation inhibition, receptor blockade, and membrane attack complex inhibition.

Main Results:

  • Complement system plays a significant role in modulating adaptive immunity.
  • Complement dysregulation is implicated in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases like lupus and rheumatoid arthritis.
  • Current complement-targeting therapies show promise in preclinical models but lack proven human safety and efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • The complement system's immunoregulatory functions are vital.
  • Therapeutic strategies targeting the complement system are under investigation for autoimmune diseases.
  • Modulating the complement system represents a potential future treatment avenue for autoimmune conditions.