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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Bladder01:23

Urinary Bladder

The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
The Micturition Reflex01:26

The Micturition Reflex

Urination, or micturition involves the coordination of the bladder's detrusor muscle and two sphincters to ensure controlled bladder emptying.
The process begins with bladder filling, where the bladder wall stretches as urine accumulates. This stretching activates the urine storage reflex, mediated by the sacral spinal segments and the pontine storage center. Efferent sympathetic impulses stimulate the detrusor muscle to relax and the internal urethral sphincter to contract, facilitating urine...
Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System I: Health History01:21

Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System I: Health History

The genitourinary system is critical to maintaining fluid balance, waste elimination, and reproductive function. Nurses play a vital role in assessing this system, beginning with a thorough health history. This process involves gathering patient information, identifying risk factors, and recognizing symptoms of genitourinary disorders. Early detection is vital for timely interventions and management.1. Gathering Patient InformationA complete health history includes the patient’s personal,...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
Disorders of the Urinary System01:20

Disorders of the Urinary System

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Real-Time Void Spot Assay
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[Overactive bladder in the elderly].

T Bschleipfer1, F M Wagenlehner, G Lüdecke

  • 1Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Kinderurologie und Andrologie, Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg GmbH, Standort Gießen, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Straße 7, 35385 Gießen, Deutschland. Th.B@gmx.de

Der Urologe. Ausg. A
|April 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) affects older adults, reducing quality of life. While antimuscarinic drugs are common, extended-release options and botulinum toxin type A injections offer alternatives with varying side effect profiles for managing OAB.

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Last Updated: May 12, 2026

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Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection
03:26

Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection

Published on: August 28, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Urology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) prevalence increases with age, significantly impacting patient quality of life.
  • Age-related bladder changes and comorbidities contribute to OAB onset in the elderly.
  • Current antimuscarinic drug treatments face challenges in the elderly due to tolerability and polypharmacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current pharmacological and procedural treatment options for overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) in the elderly.
  • To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of extended-release formulations and novel antimuscarinic agents.
  • To discuss intravesical botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) as an alternative therapeutic escalation for OAB.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on OAB management in geriatric populations.
  • Analysis of drug formulations, focusing on extended-release versus immediate-release preparations.
  • Evaluation of adverse event profiles and drug interactions for various OAB treatments.

Main Results:

  • Extended-release antimuscarinic preparations are favored for improved adherence and reduced side effects in the elderly.
  • Newer agents and quaternary amines may be advantageous for patients with cognitive impairment, though constipation remains a concern.
  • Intravesical botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) injections offer an alternative with rare adverse events, but potential for hypercontinence exists.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing OAB treatment in the elderly requires careful consideration of drug formulation, tolerability, and comorbidities.
  • Extended-release medications and judicious use of agents like BoNT/A can improve management and quality of life for older adults with OAB.