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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...

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Updated: May 12, 2026

Microfluidic Co-Culture Models for Dissecting the Immune Response in in vitro Tumor Microenvironments
07:46

Microfluidic Co-Culture Models for Dissecting the Immune Response in in vitro Tumor Microenvironments

Published on: April 30, 2021

The tumor microenvironment: a pitch for multiple players.

Giovanna Schiavoni1, Lucia Gabriele, Fabrizio Mattei

  • 1Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome, Italy.

Frontiers in Oncology
|April 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary

The tumor microenvironment comprises diverse cells influencing cancer progression. Understanding immune cell roles and cancer stem cells is key to developing new in vitro investigation methods.

Keywords:
NK cellsT lymphocytescancer stem cellsdendritic cellsmacrophagesmyeloid-derived suppressor cellssolid tumorstumor microenvironment

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Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Microfluidic Co-Culture Models for Dissecting the Immune Response in in vitro Tumor Microenvironments
07:46

Microfluidic Co-Culture Models for Dissecting the Immune Response in in vitro Tumor Microenvironments

Published on: April 30, 2021

A Mimic of the Tumor Microenvironment: A Simple Method for Generating Enriched Cell Populations and Investigating Intercellular Communication
09:52

A Mimic of the Tumor Microenvironment: A Simple Method for Generating Enriched Cell Populations and Investigating Intercellular Communication

Published on: September 20, 2016

Multiplex Immunohistochemical Analysis of the Spatial Immune Cell Landscape of the Tumor Microenvironment
06:32

Multiplex Immunohistochemical Analysis of the Spatial Immune Cell Landscape of the Tumor Microenvironment

Published on: August 18, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The cancer microenvironment is a complex ecosystem involving cellular and soluble mediators.
  • Crosstalk between tumor cells and microenvironment components dictates tumor progression.
  • Immune cells infiltrating the tumor bed can either inhibit or promote tumor growth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and discuss cellular components of the tumor microenvironment.
  • To focus on immune cell subsets influencing neoplastic progression.
  • To discuss the role of cancer stem cells and novel in vitro investigation approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and discussion of existing research.
  • Analysis of immune cell subsets within the tumor microenvironment.
  • Exploration of cancer stem cell contributions.
  • Illustration of recent advances in in vitro tumor microenvironment investigation.

Main Results:

  • The tumor microenvironment contains diverse resident and non-resident cellular components.
  • Immune cells play critical roles, either supporting or suppressing tumor progression.
  • Cancer stem cells are significant contributors within this microenvironment.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the intricate interactions within the tumor microenvironment is crucial for cancer research.
  • Targeting specific immune cell subsets and cancer stem cells holds therapeutic potential.
  • New integrated in vitro approaches are advancing the study of the tumor microenvironment.