Knowledge about AIDS among Leaving Certificate students

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Epidemiology
• Health Education

Background:

• Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remains a significant public health concern globally.
• Understanding human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission is crucial for prevention and reducing stigma.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess knowledge levels regarding HIV/AIDS transmission among secondary school students.
• To evaluate student awareness of transmission routes, non-transmission scenarios, and local support services.
• To identify areas for targeted health education interventions in schools.

Main Methods:

• A self-administered, anonymous questionnaire was distributed to 2,614 students in Galway, Ireland.
• The survey assessed knowledge of HIV transmission and non-transmission routes.
• Student opinions on lifestyle, blood safety, and information sources were also collected.

Main Results:

• While 91% recognized HIV, only 61% differentiated it from AIDS.
• Over 95% understood proven transmission routes, and 73-98% recognized low risk in social contact.
• Significant misconceptions existed regarding transmission via blood transfusions (51%) and blood donation safety (24%).
• Media was the primary information source (74%), with a preference for Health Education (30%) and teachers (20%) for further information.
• Awareness of local STD clinics (22%) and AIDS hotlines (23%) was low.

Conclusions:

• Irish secondary students demonstrate partial knowledge of HIV/AIDS but harbor misconceptions, especially regarding blood safety.
• There is a clear need for enhanced, school-based health education programs.
• Targeted interventions should address specific knowledge deficits and improve awareness of available health services.