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The first case report of peritoneal dialysis related peritonitis caused by Microbacterium paraoxydans

Masahito Miyamoto1, Tsutomu Sakurada, Daisuke Oishi

  • 1Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan. m2miyamoto@marianna-u.ac.jp

Clinical Nephrology
|April 27, 2013
PubMed

Insights

This study reports the first case of peritonitis in a peritoneal dialysis (PD) patient caused by Microbacterium paraoxydans. Effective treatment involved targeted antibiotics based on sensitivity testing, leading to successful recovery without PD catheter removal.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Peritonitis remains a significant complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD).
  • Microbacterium spp. are rare causes of human infection, typically seen in immunocompromised individuals.
  • Microbacterium paraoxydans is a recently identified species with limited reported cases of infection.

Observation:

  • This case details the first instance of PD-related peritonitis caused by Microbacterium paraoxydans.
  • The bacterium was identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
  • The patient received intravenous erythromycin and oral sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim based on antibiotic sensitivity.

Findings:

  • Successful treatment of Microbacterium paraoxydans peritonitis was achieved by interrupting PD and administering targeted antibiotics.
  • The patient recovered without the need for PD catheter removal.
  • No recurrence or relapse of peritonitis was observed after treatment completion.

Implications:

  • Accurate species identification of Microbacterium is crucial for effective treatment.
  • Antibiotic sensitivity testing is essential due to the multidrug resistance often exhibited by Microbacterium spp.
  • This case highlights a potential therapeutic strategy for rare but serious PD-related infections.

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