Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Human Genetics

Human Genetics

Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...

Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu

Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu

Genetic variations significantly influence drug response through pharmacokinetics, receptor interactions, and biologic milieu modifications. Pharmacokinetic alterations impact drug metabolism and clearance, affecting efficacy and toxicity. Variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, alter drug activation and elimination. For example, CYP2C9 loss-of-function variants require lower warfarin doses to prevent excessive bleeding, while CYP2C19 variants reduce clopidogrel...

Genetic Lingo

Genetic Lingo

Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants

Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants

The human genome is over 99.9% identical between individuals, yet genetic differences exist at millions of bases. The human genome contains approximately 3 million variant positions per individual, many of which are heterozygous, contributing to genetic diversity and individual traits. Genetic variations include single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions, deletions, and copy number variations (CNVs).SNPs, the most common variation, involve single-base changes in DNA. These can be...

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Migraine management in France: Practices of general practitioners and neurologists.

Revue neurologique·2025

Same author

Migraine treatment: Position paper of the French Headache Society.

Revue neurologique·2024

Same author

Silent brain infarct in migraine: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Revue neurologique·2023

Same author

Foreword.

Revue neurologique·2021

Same author

Revised guidelines of the French headache society for the diagnosis and management of migraine in adults. Part 3: Non-pharmacological treatment.

Revue neurologique·2021

Same author

Revised guidelines of the French headache society for the diagnosis and management of migraine in adults. Part 2: Pharmacological treatment.

Revue neurologique·2021

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

[Genetics of migraine].

¹Urgences céphalées, pôle neurosensoriel tête et cou, hôpital Lariboisière, Assistance publique-hôpitaux de Paris, 2, rue Ambroise-Paré, 75475 Paris cedex 10, France. anne.ducros@lrb.aphp.fr

Revue Neurologique

|April 27, 2013

Summary

Genetic studies are crucial for understanding migraine mechanisms. While rare familial hemiplegic migraine provided early gene discoveries, common migraine forms are polygenic, with recent genome-wide association studies identifying several risk variants.

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Genetics
Molecular Biology

Context:

Migraine is a prevalent neurological disorder with complex, incompletely understood molecular mechanisms.
Identifying genetic factors is key to unraveling migraine pathophysiology.
Familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) served as a crucial model for initial genetic discoveries.

Purpose:

To review the current state of knowledge regarding migraine genetics.
To highlight the progression from studying rare monogenic forms to common polygenic migraine.
To discuss the implications of identified genetic variants for understanding migraine mechanisms.

Summary:

Early breakthroughs in migraine genetics focused on rare FHM, identifying genes encoding ion-channel transporters (CACNA1A, ATP1A2, SCN1A) and an axonal protein (PRRT2).

More Related Videos

Investigating Migraine-Like Behavior Using Light Aversion in Mice

Investigating Migraine-Like Behavior Using Light Aversion in Mice

Published on: August 11, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 12, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

Investigating Migraine-Like Behavior Using Light Aversion in Mice

Investigating Migraine-Like Behavior Using Light Aversion in Mice

Published on: August 11, 2021

Common migraine forms are polygenic, with heritability around 50%, influenced by gene-environment interactions.

Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified six genetic variants associated with migraine risk, implicating glutamate homeostasis and nociception pathways, and suggesting significant genetic heterogeneity.

Impact:

Understanding the genetic basis of migraine can lead to improved diagnostic markers and targeted therapies.
The identification of specific genes and pathways provides insights into the molecular underpinnings of cortical spreading depression and neuronal excitability.
Future research directions include larger GWAS and advanced sequencing techniques to identify the vast majority of yet-unknown migraine genes.