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Characterizing psychopathy using DSM-5 personality traits.

Casey M Strickland1, Laura E Drislane, Megan Lucy

  • 1Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.

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|April 27, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Psychopathy, though crucial, is absent from the DSM-IV-TR. This study shows the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) can effectively assess psychopathy

Keywords:
DSM-5PID-5antisocial personality disorderpersonality disorderspsychopathy

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry and Psychology
  • Personality Disorders
  • Mental Health Diagnostics

Background:

  • Psychopathy is a significant clinical construct, yet not explicitly defined in the DSM-IV-TR.
  • Antisocial Personality Disorder in DSM-IV-TR captures behavioral deviance but lacks core affective-interpersonal traits of psychopathy.
  • A dimensional approach to personality pathology is being developed for DSM-5.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) in assessing psychopathy and its facets.
  • To determine if the dimensional model of personality pathology can capture the core features of psychopathy.
  • To assess the coverage of psychopathy's distinctive facets using PID-5 traits.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure to index psychopathy.
  • Employed the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) to operationalize the dimensional model of personality pathology.
  • Assessed the extent to which PID-5 traits represent psychopathy and its facets.

Main Results:

  • Impulsive externalization and callous aggression facets of psychopathy were well-represented by PID-5 traits relevant to antisocial personality disorder.
  • The boldness facet of psychopathy was effectively captured by additional PID-5 traits.
  • The PID-5 demonstrated robust trait-based coverage of psychopathy and its components.

Conclusions:

  • The dimensional model of personality pathology, as operationalized by the PID-5, offers effective assessment of psychopathy.
  • Findings support the utility of the PID-5 in capturing the complex nature of psychopathy beyond antisocial personality disorder.
  • This research provides a foundation for integrating psychopathy assessment within a dimensional framework for future diagnostic systems.