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Related Concept Videos

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder01:28

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
Oppositional Defiant Disorder01:30

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive01:24

Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive

Dependent personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are two separate psychological conditions that influence behavior, relationships, and overall life functioning. Though both involve maladaptive behaviors, their core characteristics and motivations differ significantly.
 Dependent Personality Disorder
Dependent personality disorder is characterized by an excessive reliance on others to manage various aspects of life. Individuals with this disorder often struggle with...
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Conduct Disorder01:28

Conduct Disorder

Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
Anxiety: Overview01:18

Anxiety: Overview

Anxiety is a common mental disorder featuring excessive worry, fear, and apprehension, significantly affecting daily life. People with anxiety disorders experience persistent and intense anxiety, interrupting their everyday functioning.
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.

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Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
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Published on: January 9, 2015

Dysregulation in pediatric obsessive compulsive disorder.

Joseph F McGuire1, Brent J Small, Adam B Lewin

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.

Psychiatry Research
|April 30, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) exhibiting self-regulation deficits show greater symptom severity and impairment. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) reduced both OCD symptoms and dysregulation in completers, suggesting tailored interventions may be needed for those with higher dysregulation.

Keywords:
AttritionChildrenDysregulationImpairmentObsessive compulsive disorderSymptom severityTreatment outcome

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Child and Adolescent Psychology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) often co-occurs with conditions sharing self-regulatory deficits.
  • Impaired self-regulation (dysregulation) has been minimally studied in pediatric OCD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between dysregulation and symptom severity, impairment, and treatment outcomes in youth with OCD.
  • To determine if dysregulation predicts treatment response and discontinuation in pediatric OCD.

Main Methods:

  • 144 youth with OCD underwent clinical assessments of symptom severity, family accommodation, and global severity.
  • Youth and parents completed self-report measures for anxiety, depression, and OCD-related impairment.
  • The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)-Dysregulation Profile assessed dysregulation; 97 youth received cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and were reassessed.

Main Results:

  • Before treatment, dysregulated youth showed higher OCD severity, depressive mood, family accommodation, and impairment.
  • Dysregulation magnitude predicted child- and parent-rated impairment and family accommodation, independent of OCD severity.
  • Pretreatment dysregulation predicted CBT discontinuation but not treatment response.

Conclusions:

  • Dysregulated youth with OCD are more clinically severe and may benefit from individualized interventions to prevent treatment dropout.
  • Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) effectively decreased both OCD symptom severity and dysregulation levels in youth who completed treatment.