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Regional personalized electrodes to select transcranial current stimulation target.

Franca Tecchio¹, A Cancelli, C Cottone

¹Laboratory of Electrophysiology for Translational neuroScience (LET'S) - ISTC - CNR, Department of Neuroscience, Fatebenefratelli Hospital Rome, Italy ; Department of Neuroimaging, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana Rome, Italy.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

|April 30, 2013

Summary

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Personalized transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) uses custom electrodes to precisely target brain regions like the motor cortex (M1). This technique effectively modulates cortical excitability, paving the way for tailored neurological treatments.

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Neurosurgery
Neuromodulation

Background:

Personalized transcranial stimulation (tES) offers enhanced therapeutic effects for individual patients.
Accurate targeting of specific cortical regions is crucial for optimizing tES benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a procedure for shaping and positioning custom electrodes for targeted brain stimulation.
To investigate the impact of stimulating different cortical areas (M1 and S1) on cortical excitability using personalized electrodes.

Main Methods:

Developed an ad hoc neuronavigation procedure using individual brain MRI to shape and place personalized electrodes.
Applied transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) to bilateral primary motor (M1) and somatosensory (S1) cortices.

Keywords:

customized electrodes motor cortex neuronavigation personalized stimulation target somatosensory cortex transcranial current stimulation

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Evaluated changes in cortical excitability in response to tACS delivered via custom electrodes targeting M1 or S1.

Main Results:

Cortical excitability differed significantly when tACS targeted M1 versus S1 (p < 0.001).
Specifically, 20 Hz tACS applied to M1 reduced M1 cortical excitability compared to baseline and other conditions.
The study demonstrated the feasibility of precisely targeting cortical regions with custom-shaped electrodes.

Conclusions:

Custom-shaped and positioned electrodes enable precise targeting of specific cortical regions for transcranial stimulation.
This advancement supports the development of more effective interventions for neurological and psychiatric conditions by improving the ability to target specific brain areas.